Esmolol is used in the treatment of blood pressure, that are also of renal origin (the β1-adrenergic receptors are also found on the kidneys, where they stimulate the release of renin), of angina pectoris as well as arrhythmias (supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias).
What is Esmolol?
Esmolol is a blocking agent of the selective β1-adrenergic receptors (also called "beta-adrenergic blocker" or simply "beta-blocker") that is used to treat hypertension. The ß 1 receptors are located on the heart, which, when stimulated, causes an increase in contractility, frequency and conduction velocity of stimuli. The function of selective blockers of the β1-adrenergic receptors is to inhibit the operation of the receptors themselves, reducing the cardiac stress.
How should Esmolol be taken?
Esmolol is commercially available for oral use in the form of tablets.
Side effects associated with Esmolol
There are several recognized adverse effects due to the use of esmolol, which may vary depending on the sensitivity of the patient, the prescribed dosage and duration of therapy. Some of the most common side effects include:
- Gastrointestinal disorders: nausea, diarrhea, vomiting;
- Hypoglycemia;
- Cardiovascular disorders: bradycardia, orthostatic hypotension, syncope, worsening of pre-existing problems to the peripheral circulation, worsening of previous issues charged to the cardiovascular system;
- Respiratory system disorders: bronchoconstriction, coughing;
Contradictions and warnings associated with the use of Esmolol
Particular care should be taken when administering the esmolol in people with asthma and bronchospasm. Moreover, extra attention should be paid to patients with diabetes mellitus. In terms of administration of esmolol to pregnant women, although studies to date have not shown teratogenic effects attributable to esmolol, its administration to women who are pregnant requires a careful risk and benefit evaluation. Finally, since this drug tends to accumulate in breast milk and may cause bradycardia in breastfed neonates, the risk of side effects should not be overlooked.
