Captopril is able to inhibit a number of biological effects, which are discovered at the onset of hypertension. In particular, this drug is able to inhibit the activity of the enzyme ACE, necessary to convert angiotensin I to the active metabolite, angiotensin II, thus preventing a series of effects – such as peripheral vasoconstriction as well as salt and water retention – that are at the base of high blood pressure. The antihypertensive efficacy of this substance seems supported also by the inhibition of the activity of kininase II, the enzyme responsible for the degradation of certain molecules, such as bradykinin, which have a vasodilatory function. In addition to different antihypertensive functions, studies have also highlighted an action in respect of left ventricular hypertrophy with improvement of the contractile ventricular function.
What is Captopril?
The Captopril is used for the treatment of blood pressure (either alone or in combination with other antihypertensives), and it can also be used in combination with diuretics, and even in cases of congestive heart failure. Several studies have also indicated an action in respect of left ventricular hypertrophy, with improved contractile ventricular function: Captopril is also used in patients who have suffered a myocardial infarction with left ventricular dysfunction. Moreover, the Captopril is also used in case of diabetic nephropathy to prevent worsening of kidney damage.
How should Captopril be taken?
Captopril is commercially available for oral intake in the form of tablets.
Side effects associated with Captopril
This medication is usually well tolerated. However, there may be certain adverse effects including:
- Dermatological disorders: skin rash, erythema, itching, angioedema;
- Gastrointestinal disorders;
- Changes in some blood tests: neutrophil count, serum creatinine, serum potassium
Contraindications and warnings associated with the use of Captopril
The use of Captopril is contraindicated in cases of pregnancy. Since several studies have also highlighted the secretion of ACE-inhibitors in breast milk, it is necessary to stop breastfeeding while undergoing treatment with Captopril. Furthermore, the use of captopril is not recommended in cases of aortic stenosis and severe renal impairment.
