What is a CT of the heart?
CT (Computed Tomography) of the heart is a diagnostic test that allows processing of images of anatomical sections through common X-ray. A CT scan provides three-dimensional images of the heart and coronary arteries.
What is the purpose of a cardiac CT?
The CT scan provides 3D images of the heart and with the help of contrast material it can also help determine potential presence of atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries. The CT scan is performed under the following circumstances:
- In primary prevention: To calculate the coronary Calcium score (without contrast), which helps define cardiovascular risks and the possibility to discover early stage coronary artery disease, even before symptoms occur.
- To evaluate the anatomy of the coronary arteries: To search for any narrowing (stenosis) or blockage in the coronary arteries.
Preparation standards
The patient should not ingest any food six hours prior to the examination. Normal hydration with water is allowed.
Every patient is required to undergo blood tests to measure the creatinine levels to ensure normal renal function and thus the ability to dispose of the contrast medium after the exam.
Any additional drug therapies should not be discontinued, especially the ones for high blood pressure or diabetes. All medical information of the patient should be disclosed. Moreover, the patient should not wear any metal items during the examination (necklaces, rings, earrings, piercings) because they may alter the images.
Which patients can undergo the examination?
It is not recommended to use the contrast material in cases of previous allergic reactions, renal insufficiency, severe heart failure or other rare conditions. Pregnant women should take precaution and discuss examination options with a doctor.
Is the examination painful or dangerous?
The exam is generally painless. The machine causes noise while operating, which may be annoying. There may be slight discomfort due to the injection with the contrast agent, which may cause a sensation of heat. The CT machine is open, rather than enclosed, and therefore it does not cause any issues with claustrophobic patients.
How is a cardiac CT performed?
The patient lies on a mobile bed that moves horizontally in an open tube. Prior to the exam, a medication to reduce heart rate may be administered. To ensure good quality images, it is required that the patient remains still for the duration of the exam and holds their breath for approximately 10-15 seconds. The average duration of the exam is 15 minutes.
