{"id":49756,"date":"2018-05-07T08:03:25","date_gmt":"2018-05-07T08:03:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/?post_type=wiki&p=49756"},"modified":"2018-05-07T08:03:25","modified_gmt":"2018-05-07T08:03:25","slug":"plucni-zalisak","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/wiki\/anatomija\/plucni-zalisak\/","title":{"rendered":"Plu\u0107ni zalisak"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0160ta je plu\u0107ni zalistak?<\/h2>\n

Plu\u0107ni zalistak je jedan od \u010detiri sr\u010dana zaliska. On je u obliku polumeseca i sme\u0161ten je izme\u0111u desne komore i plu\u0107ne arterije. Plu\u0107ni zalistak ima ulogu da spre\u010di da se krv vrati unazad na svom putu od srca prema plu\u0107ima, kao i da obezbedi normalnu razmenu gasova, odnosno ugljen-dioksida za kiseonik u okviru plu\u0107a.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Srce je organ podeljen na nekoliko delova, koji poma\u017eu u obavljanju njegove osnovne funkcije: da pumpa krv bogatu kiseonikom prema ostalim delovima tela (\u0107elije, tkiva i organi) kako bi ih ishranila, i da primi krv sa ugljen-dioksidom koja se dalje \u0161alje u plu\u0107a gde se obavlja razmena gasova i gde se krv snabdeva kiseonikom.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sr\u010dani zalisci su sitne strukture koje su odgovorne za vra\u0107anje krvi unazad obezbe\u0111uju\u0107i vo\u0111enje krvi u pravom smeru.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Plu\u0107ni zalistak sastoji se iz tri membrane (listi\u0107a) koji se uglavnom sastoje od kolagena i imaju oblik polumeseca. Zalistak se nalazi na mi\u0161i\u0107nom prstenu preko koga je povezan sa sr\u010danim zidom. Fibrozni \u010dvor koji se nalazi na svakoj slobodnoj ivici listi\u0107a jednostrano zatvara otvor tokom kontrakcije komore.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Uro\u0111eni defekti plu\u0107nog zaliska mogu da uti\u010du na funkciju cirkulacije unutar srca. Stenoza plu\u0107nog zaliska je stanje kod koga je oticanje krvi iz srca o\u0161te\u0107eno na mestu plu\u0107nog zaliska. Kao rezultat toga javlja se redukcija protoka krvi u plu\u0107a. Ovo stanje je generalno uslovljeno uro\u0111enom sr\u010danom manom i mo\u017ee da se le\u010di balonskom valvuloplastikom, procedurom kojom se su\u017eeni zalistak pro\u0161iruje. Uz odgovaraju\u0107u lekarsku pomo\u0107 mogu biti izbegnute dalje komplikacije.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Koja je uloga plu\u0107nog zaliska?<\/h2>\n

Srce je pumpa koja prosle\u0111uje krv bogatu kiseonikom iz plu\u0107a prema organima i tkivima u zamenu za krv bogatu ugljen-dioksidom koja mora da se u plu\u0107ima obogati kiseonikom. Krv bogata kiseonikom prenosi se arterijom aortom do celog tela budu\u0107i da se ona grana na manje arterije i na kraju kapilare. Krv bogata ugljen-dioksidom vra\u0107a se u srce preko vena odakle se malim krvotokom \u0161alje u plu\u0107a gde se vr\u0161i razmena gasova, odnosno razmena ugljen-dioksida za kiseonik.<\/p>\n

Plu\u0107ni zalisak kontroli\u0161e prolazak krvi izme\u0111u desne komore i plu\u0107ne arterije, spre\u010davaju\u0107i da se krv iz plu\u0107ne arterije vrati u srce.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sr\u010dani ciklus sastoji se iz dve faze: faze opu\u0161tanja (dijastole) i faze kontrakcije (sistola). Tokom prve faze, faze dijastole, zalisci izme\u0111u pretkomora i komora su otvoreni i \u010ditavo srce je opu\u0161teno. U ovoj fazi polumese\u010dasti zalisci su zatvoreni i spre\u010davaju da krv u\u0111e u vaskularno korito. Tokom druge faze (sistolna faza), pretkomore i komore se kontrahuju na uskla\u0111eni na\u010din: prvo se kontrahuje pretkomora (pretkomorna sistola), a zatim i komora (sistola). Tokom kontrakcije komora, krv se potiskuje kroz plu\u0107nu arteriju i zalistak se zatvara nakon prolaska krvi. Frekvencija protoka plu\u0107nog zaliska u normalnim uslovima iznosi 75 cm po sekundi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"template":"","wiki-categories":[1666],"wiki-types":[],"yoast_head":"\nPlu\u0107ni zalisak - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/wiki\/anatomija\/plucni-zalisak\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Plu\u0107ni zalisak - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0160ta je plu\u0107ni zalistak? Plu\u0107ni zalistak je jedan od \u010detiri sr\u010dana zaliska. On je u obliku polumeseca i sme\u0161ten je izme\u0111u desne komore i plu\u0107ne arterije. 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