{"id":49718,"date":"2018-05-04T12:46:30","date_gmt":"2018-05-04T12:46:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/?post_type=wiki&#038;p=49718"},"modified":"2018-05-04T12:47:04","modified_gmt":"2018-05-04T12:47:04","slug":"larinks","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/wiki\/anatomija\/larinks\/","title":{"rendered":"Larinks"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Larinks je organ odgovoran za fonaciju, odnosno produkciju zvuka. Lokalizovan je u vratu, izme\u0111u farinksa i traheje. Oblika je \u0161upljeg cilindra. Larinks tako\u0111e omogu\u0107ava pasa\u017eu udahutog vazduha (od nosa ka usnoj duplji i brohijama) ka o i izdahnutog vazduha (od bronhija ka nosu i ustima). Poseduje mehanizam vratnica, koje mogu prevenirati da sa\u017evakana hrana (bolus hrane) dospe u respiratorne puteve tokom gutanja.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u0160ta predstavlja larinks ?<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Larinks predstavlja organ koji je odgovoran za govor, odnosno produkciju zvuka. Oblik i tekstura koji ga karakteri\u0161u rigidni su usled hrskavice (11 ukupno, uklju\u010duju\u0107i i 5 glavnih hrskavica) koje su deo njegove\u00a0 strukture. Mnogobrojne hrskavice\u00a0 me\u0111usobno su povezane ligamentima; te je pokretljivost brojnih hrskavi\u010davih delova kao i organa u celini omogu\u0107ena postojanjem bogatog muskularnog aparata.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Idealno larinks je podeljen na tri dela: gornji deo naziva se \u2018\u2019supragloti\u010dni\u2019\u2019 (u visini epiglotisa) i njegova \u0161upljina\u00a0 naziva se vestibulum larinksa; centralno deo koji je lokalizovan u nivou glotisa i ispod centrlanog dela, a ni\u017ei delovi sa\u010dinjeni su spolja od mi\u0161i\u0107nih struktura i iznutra oivi\u010deni mukoznom membranom. Larinks se pojavljuje iza jezika,\u00a0 gde se farinks zavr\u0161ava,\u00a0 a nastavlja trahejom.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Prose\u010dna du\u017eina larinksa kod odrasle osobe je 4 cm, \u0161iine 4 cm i 3.5 cm dijametra. Navedene dimenzije mogu varirati od individue do individue, u zavisnosti od godina i pola. Tokom puberteta ovaj organ podle\u017ee velikim promenama: u detinjstvu larinks je manjih dimenzija, tokom godina seksualnog sazrevanja rapidno se uve\u0107ava, dosti\u017eu\u0107i kona\u010dne dimenzije. Neke od ovih promena nastaju u pubertetu i podrazumevaju promene u\u00a0 glasovnom tonu koje su karakteristi\u010dne za odre\u0111eno doba i to pogotovo kod osoba mu\u0161kog pola. Kod \u017eena larinks je naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e kra\u0107i nego kod osoba mu\u0161kog pola.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Koje su funkcije larinksa?<\/h2>\n<p>Primarna funkcija larinksa \u00a0jeste za\u0161tita donjih respiratornih puteva rapidnim zatvarenjem otvora pri mehani\u010dkoj stimualciji, koja zaustavlja disanje i prevenira ulazak stranih materija u respiratorne puteve.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Larinks omogu\u0107ava emisiju zvukova (fonaciju) te omogu\u0107ava transport udahnutog vazduha (od nosa ka ustima i plu\u0107ima) kao i izdahnutog vazduha (od plu\u0107a ka nosu i ustima).<\/p>\n<p>Larinks se pokre\u0107e ka gore i napred u cilju otvaranja ezofagusa radi transporta progutane hrane. Tokom gutanja, laringealne \u0161upljine\u00a0 su zatvorene u cilju prevencije aspiracije progutane hrane u respiratorne puteve. Ipak, tokom respiracije laringealne \u0161upljine se otvaraju dok neki laringealni mi\u0161i\u0107i \u0161ire glasne \u017eice i pove\u0107avaju dijametar laringealnih puteva.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Kona\u010dno, tokom fonacije laringealne \u0161upljine koje se nazivaju rima glotidis su zatvorene \u0161to uslovljava vibaciju glasnih \u017eica i produkciju zvukova kada se vazduh kre\u0107e kroz zatvorenu \u0161upljinu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"template":"","wiki-categories":[1666],"wiki-types":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.7.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Larinks - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/wiki\/anatomija\/larinks\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Larinks - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&nbsp; Larinks je organ odgovoran za fonaciju, odnosno produkciju zvuka. 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