{"id":49619,"date":"2018-05-02T14:10:29","date_gmt":"2018-05-02T14:10:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/?post_type=wiki&p=49619"},"modified":"2018-05-02T14:10:49","modified_gmt":"2018-05-02T14:10:49","slug":"testisi","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/wiki\/anatomija\/testisi\/","title":{"rendered":"Testisi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Testisi ili semenici predstavljaju dve polne \u017elezde kod mu\u0161karaca. Ovi organi zapravo predstavljaju mu\u0161ke gonade. U periodu razvoja fetusa nalaze se unutar abdomena i obi\u010dno se spu\u0161taju u skrotum neposredno pre ro\u0111enja. Skrotum ili mo\u0161nice predstavljaju ko\u017enu kesu u kojoj su sme\u0161teni testisi i nalazi se izme\u0111u dela penisa i analnog otvora. Testisi su \u017elezde \u010dija se veli\u010dina konstantno menja. Prose\u010dna veli\u010dina testisa iznosi oko 5 cm. Posle puberteta zapremina testisa mo\u017ee se uve\u0107ati \u010dak i do 500% u odnosu na veli\u010dinu testisa pre puberteta. U poznijim godinama testisi se smanjuju.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0160ta su testisi?<\/h2>\n

Testisi ili semenici su mu\u0161ke polne \u017elezde homologne jajnicima kod \u017eena. Mu\u0161karci imaju dva testisa koji se nalaze iza penisa, u ko\u017enoj kesi koja se naziva skrotum. Funkcija skrotuma, odnosno mo\u0161nica je regulisanje temperature testisa kako bi se o\u010duvao kvalitet sperme. Testisi po\u010dinju da proizvode spermatozoide u toku puberteta. U proseku se proizvodi oko 70 miliona spermatozoida na dan. Pored toga, u testisima se proizvodi i mu\u0161ki polni hormon testosteron. Testosteron je hormon koji je odgovoran i za primarne i za sekundarne polne karakteristike, poput dubljeg glasa, uve\u0107anja mi\u0161i\u0107ne mase, uve\u0107anja telesne mase i maljavosti.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Kod polno zrelih mu\u0161karaca testisi su visoki izme\u0111u 4 i 5 cm, duga\u010dki oko 4 a \u0161iroki oko 2,3 cm. U proseku svaki testis te\u017eak je oko 20 grama. Iako testisi spadaju u grupu simetri\u010dnih parnih organa, u najve\u0107em broju slu\u010dajeva levi testis postavljen je malo ni\u017ee u odnosu na desni. Ovo je najverovatnije posledica razlike u vaskularnoj i anatomskoj strukturi koja se nalazi na levoj i desnoj strani mo\u0161nica i testisa.\u00a0Tako\u0111e postoji i teorija da je razlika u veli\u010dini testisa evolutivnog karaktera, i da je to ove razlike do\u0161lo kako se testisi ne bi odbijali jedan od drugog.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Svaki testis obavijen je \u010dvrstim, fibroznim omota\u010dem koji se naziva tunika. Tunika sastoji se od vi\u0161e fibroznih slojeva, a njen spoljni deo naziva tunica vaginalis. Unutra\u0161nji deo ovog omota\u010da naziva se tunica albuginea.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Svaki testis izgra\u0111en je od tkiva koje je septulama testisa podeljeno na semenikove re\u017enji\u0107e. Ovih re\u017enji\u0107a, odnosno lobula, u svakom testisu ima oko 250. Lobule testisa piramidalnog su oblika i vrhom su usmerene ka srednjem delu testisa. U svakom lobulusu nalaze se semene cev\u010dice koja mogu biti vijugave ili prave. Semene cev\u010dice spajaju se u medijastinuu testisa, odakle se razdvajaju semeni kanali\u0107i. Semenih kanali\u0107a u svakom testisu ima oko 20, i njihova funkcija je povezivanje semenika sa pasemenikom. Ovi kanali\u0107i tako\u0111e \u010dine i sastavni deo re\u017enjeva pasemenika.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Me\u0111uprostor semenika naziva se intersticijsko tkivo, i \u010dine ga vezivno tkivo, krvni sudovi, nervi i intersticijske \u0107elije. Intersticijske \u0107elije spajaju se i formiraju Lajdigovu endokrinu \u017elezdu, \u010dija je prva i osnovna funkcija lu\u010denje testosterona. Ovaj hormon predstavlja mu\u0161ki polni hormon koji je odgvoran za sekundarne polne karakteristike mu\u0161karaca.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Koja je funkcija testisa?<\/h2>\n

Osnovna funkcija testisa je proizvodnja hormona i spermatogeneza. Spermatogeneze predstavlja proces u kome se mu\u0161ka spermatogonija razvija u zreli spermatozoid. Spermatozoidi su zrele mu\u0161ke reproduktivne \u0107elije. Iz testisa spermatozoidi ulaze u pasemenik, dugu umotanu cev\u010dicu koja se nalazi iza testisa i vodi do semenovoda. Unutar pasemenika spermatozoidi sazrevaju pod uticajem posebnik enzima i belan\u010devina koje se u njemu nalaze. Nakon perioda sazrevanja, spermatozoidi kroz semenovod odlaze u neposrednu blizinu semenskih mehuri\u0107a. U semenske mehuri\u0107e izlu\u010duje se deo te\u010dnosti koja se tokom polnog odnosa odvodi u mokra\u0107ni kanal.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"template":"","wiki-categories":[1666],"wiki-types":[],"yoast_head":"\nTestisi - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/wiki\/anatomija\/testisi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Testisi - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Testisi ili semenici predstavljaju dve polne \u017elezde kod mu\u0161karaca. Ovi organi zapravo predstavljaju mu\u0161ke gonade. U periodu razvoja fetusa nalaze se unutar abdomena i obi\u010dno se spu\u0161taju u skrotum neposredno pre ro\u0111enja. Skrotum ili mo\u0161nice predstavljaju ko\u017enu kesu u kojoj su sme\u0161teni testisi i nalazi se izme\u0111u dela penisa i analnog otvora. Testisi su \u017elezde […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/wiki\/anatomija\/testisi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/HumanitasInternational\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2018-05-02T14:10:49+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@humanitasmilano\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/wiki\/anatomija\/testisi\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/wiki\/anatomija\/testisi\/\",\"name\":\"Testisi - Humanitas.net\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2018-05-02T14:10:29+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2018-05-02T14:10:49+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/wiki\/anatomija\/testisi\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"sr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/wiki\/anatomija\/testisi\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/wiki\/anatomija\/testisi\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Wikis\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/wiki\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Testisi\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/\",\"name\":\"Humanitas.net\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"sr\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Humanitas\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/HumanitasInternational\/\",\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/humanitasmilano\"],\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"sr\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/logo-news-.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/logo-news-.png\",\"width\":314,\"height\":61,\"caption\":\"Humanitas\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Testisi - Humanitas.net","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/wiki\/anatomija\/testisi\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Testisi - Humanitas.net","og_description":"Testisi ili semenici predstavljaju dve polne \u017elezde kod mu\u0161karaca. 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