{"id":48980,"date":"2018-04-17T10:04:33","date_gmt":"2018-04-17T10:04:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/?post_type=wiki&p=48980"},"modified":"2018-04-17T10:04:49","modified_gmt":"2018-04-17T10:04:49","slug":"kobalt","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/wiki\/minerali\/kobalt\/","title":{"rendered":"Kobalt"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0160ta je kobalt?<\/h2>\n

Kobalt je mikroelement koji se u veoma malim koli\u010dinama, oko 1 miligram, mo\u017ee na\u0107i u ljudskom telu, i funkcioni\u0161e kao aktivni centar koenzima koji se nazivaju kobalamini. Ovaj mikroelement tako\u0111e je jedan od klju\u010dnih nutrijenata za sve \u017eivotinje, bakterije, alge i gljivice. Kobalt aktivno u\u010destvuje u Krebsovom ciklusu uslovljenom biotinom. Krebsovim ciklusom naziva se proces kojim telo pretvara \u0161e\u0107er u energiju. Kada se posmatra kao samostalan nutrijent, sam kobalt se ne smatra neophodnim za \u017eivot jer se ve\u0107 nalazi u vitaminu B12.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Koja je funkcija kobalta?<\/h2>\n

Kobalt je integralan deo vitamina B12 i samim tim je neophodan za uspostavljanje i odr\u017eavanje normalne funkcije \u0107elija. Ovaj mikroelement u\u010destvuje i u proizvodnji eritrocita, odnosno crvenih krvnih zrnaca, kao i u proizvodnji antibakterijskih i antivirusnih jedinjenja koja spre\u010davaju nastanak infekcija. Kobalt tako\u0111e igra zna\u010dajnu ulogu u metabolisanju masti i ugljenih hidrata, kao i u sintezi proteina i pretvaranju folata u njihov aktivni oblik. U nervnom sistemu kobalt je odgovoran za spre\u010davanje demijelinacije, stanja koje izaziva o\u0161te\u0107enja na membrani koja obavija ki\u010dmenu mo\u017edinu i nevna vlakna koja se nalaze u mozgu. Prevencijom o\u0161te\u0107enja na membrani nervnih vlakana osigurava se brz i normalan prenos nervnih impulsa kroz telo.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Koje namirnice su bogate kobaltom?<\/h2>\n

U ve\u0107im koli\u010dinama kobalt se mo\u017ee na\u0107i u namirnicama poput mesa, jetre, bubrega, ostriga, dagnji, ribi, mleku, fermentisanim proizvodima od soje kao i u pivu. Manje koli\u010dine kobalta tako\u0111e se mogu na\u0107i i u odre\u0111enim vrstama povr\u0107a poput zelene salata, kupusa, spana\u0107a, smokava i mahunarki. Hrana bogata vitaminom B12 jedini je izvor kobalta koje telo aktivno koristi.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Koji je preporu\u010deni dnevni unos kobalta?<\/h2>\n

U najve\u0107em broju slu\u010dajeva preporu\u010duje se unos izme\u0111u 5 i 8 mg kobalta dnevno. Ukoliko je neophodo uneti ve\u0107u koli\u010dinu kobalta, to se uglavnom \u010dini kroz uzimanje suplemenata vitamina B12. Trudnice i dojilje obavezno se moraju posavetovati sa lekarom pre uzimanja bilo kakvih mineralnih suplemenata kako bi se izbegle potencijalno opasne posledice po njihovo zdravlje i normalan razvoj deteta.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Koje su posledice nedovoljnog unosa kobalta u telo?<\/h2>\n

U najve\u0107em broju slu\u010dajeva nedostatak kobalta u telu povezan je za nedostatkom vitamina B12. Jedan on naj\u010de\u0161\u0107ih uzroka sni\u017eenog nivoa hroma u krvi je perniciozna anemija, stanje koje izaziva simptome poput malaksalosti, umora, utrnutost i peckanje udova, mu\u010dninu, gubitak telesne te\u017eine, zbunjenost i glavobolje. Ukoliko se nedostatak kobalta ne le\u010di na vreme ono mo\u017ee dovesti do trajnih neurolo\u0161kih o\u0161te\u0107enja, o\u0161te\u0107enja na nervima, gubitka pam\u0107enja, \u010destih promena raspolo\u017eenja i psihoze. U retkim slu\u010dajevima hroni\u010dna deficijenca kobalta mo\u017ee imati fatalne posledice.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Koje su posledice preteranog unosa kobalta?<\/h2>\n

Preterani unos kobalta u telu mo\u017ee izazvati sr\u010dane probleme, i to naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e kongestivnu sr\u010danu insuficijenciju. Pove\u0107an unos kobalta tako\u0111e mo\u017ee dovesti do povi\u0161ene proizvodnje crvenih krvnih zrnaca (policitemije), \u0161to pove\u0107ava rizik od nastanka krvnih ugru\u0161aka i mo\u017edanog udara. Visok nivo kobalta u krvi mo\u017ee izazvati i gu\u0161avost, odnosno uve\u0107anje \u0161titne \u017elezde, i time spre\u010diti njeno normalno funkcionisanje. Preterani unos kobalta tako\u0111e mo\u017ee izazvati i hiperglicemiju, odnosno povi\u0161en nivo \u0161e\u0107era u krvi.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Da li treba dopuniti dnevni unos kobalta suplementima?<\/h2>\n

U retkim slu\u010dajevima u kojima pacijent pati od sni\u017eenog nivoa kobalta u krvi, uglavnom se prepisuju suplementi vitamina B12 kako bi se uspostavio normalan nivo ovog mikroelementa. Me\u0111utim, u najve\u0107em broju slu\u010dajeva uzimanje dodatnih suplemenata nije neophodno, a normalan nivo kobalta u krvi mo\u017ee se odr\u017eati zdravom, raznovrsnom ishranom.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"template":"","wiki-categories":[1630],"wiki-types":[],"yoast_head":"\nKobalt - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/wiki\/minerali\/kobalt\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kobalt - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0160ta je kobalt? Kobalt je mikroelement koji se u veoma malim koli\u010dinama, oko 1 miligram, mo\u017ee na\u0107i u ljudskom telu, i funkcioni\u0161e kao aktivni centar koenzima koji se nazivaju kobalamini. Ovaj mikroelement tako\u0111e je jedan od klju\u010dnih nutrijenata za sve \u017eivotinje, bakterije, alge i gljivice. Kobalt aktivno u\u010destvuje u Krebsovom ciklusu uslovljenom biotinom. 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Kobalt je mikroelement koji se u veoma malim koli\u010dinama, oko 1 miligram, mo\u017ee na\u0107i u ljudskom telu, i funkcioni\u0161e kao aktivni centar koenzima koji se nazivaju kobalamini. Ovaj mikroelement tako\u0111e je jedan od klju\u010dnih nutrijenata za sve \u017eivotinje, bakterije, alge i gljivice. Kobalt aktivno u\u010destvuje u Krebsovom ciklusu uslovljenom biotinom. 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