{"id":37761,"date":"2017-02-10T15:30:32","date_gmt":"2017-02-10T15:30:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitas.local\/cure\/metastaze-mozga\/"},"modified":"2017-11-04T19:24:50","modified_gmt":"2017-11-04T19:24:50","slug":"metastaze-mozga","status":"publish","type":"treatment","link":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/treatments\/metastaze-mozga\/","title":{"rendered":"Metastaze mozga"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Metastaze mozga<\/h1>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u0160ta su metastatski tumori mozga?<\/h2>\n<p>Metastaze mozga su naj\u010de\u0161\u0107i oblici raka mozga po stopi koja je deset puta ve\u0107a od primarnih primitivnih tumora mozga. Oko 10% pacijenata sa dijagnozom sistemskog raka razviju mo\u017edane metastaze u centralnom nervnom sistemu. Metastaze od raka plu\u0107a su naj\u010de\u0161\u0107i iako raste u\u010destalost raka dojke i melanom predstavlja ve\u0107u sklonost od svih sistemskih tipova raka koji dovode do metastaze na mozgu. 80% metastaza je lokalizovano u hemisfera, 15% je lokalizovano na cerebelarnom nivou i 5% na nivou kostiju.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Koji su uzroci metastaze na mozgu?<\/h2>\n<p>Metastaze na mozgu poti\u010du iz tumorskih \u0107elija ro\u0111eni u drugim delovima tela koji se \u0161ire do mozga gde se mogu biti lokalizovani na jednoj ili vi\u0161e lokacija.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Koji su simptomi metastaze na mozgu?<\/h2>\n<p>Simptomi mo\u017edanih metastaza su sli\u010dne kao bilo koji rak nervnog sistema i uklju\u010duje epilepti\u010dne napade, glavobolje, kao i neurolo\u0161ke deficite.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Dijagnoza<\/h2>\n<p>Dijagnoza se inicijalno napravi na osnovu CT glave nakon \u010dega sledi skeniranje sa kontrastom i preciznije sa MRI mozga uklju\u010duju\u0107i osnovne MRI i MR sa kontrastom (gadolinijum). \u010cesto pacijenti za koje se sumnja da imaju metastazu urade celokupni CT celog tela sa kontrastom ili PET skeniranje celog tela sa FDG potrebe sistemskog stejd\u017einga.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Tretmani<\/h2>\n<p>Tretman metastaza zavisi od broja metastaza u mozgu i kontrole primarnog tumora na sistemskom nivou.<\/p>\n<p>Kod pacijenata koji nemaju dokaze primarnog sistemskog tumora, hirurgija ima ulogu da se do\u0111e do histolo\u0161ke dijagnoze bolesti i da se uklone dostupne metastaze sa ograni\u010denim orbiditetom. U drugim slu\u010dajevima biopsija iglom se vr\u0161i (Stereotakti\u010dna) da se dobije histolo\u0161ka dijagnoza bolesti.<\/p>\n<p>Kod pacijenata sa kontrolisanim sistemskim tumorom u slu\u010daju metastaza male veli\u010dine (do 3 cm) ne postoji efikasna razlika izme\u0111u radiohirurgije i direktne operacije metastaze. Osim toga, ne postoje razlike u efektu kada se radiohirurgija obavlja sa akceleratorom kao \u0161to je \u201eCiberknife\u201c ili Gamma no\u017e.<\/p>\n<p>Hirurgija ima specifi\u010dnu ulogu u slu\u010daju velikih, simptomatskih metastaza koji su okru\u017eeni zna\u010dajnim edemom i koji su dostupni. Nakon operacije pacijent mo\u017ee biti krenuti sa radijacijom celog mozga. Iako nedavne studije (EORTC) su pokazale da odlaganje WBRT-a ne menja op\u0161te \u0161anse pre\u017eivljavanje pacijenata, ipak postoji asocijacija sa br\u017eom stopom lokalne ili dalje recidive ali pobolj\u0161ava kognitivnu funkciju pacijenta. Performansa fokalne radioterapije postoperativno pobolj\u0161ava lokalnu kontrolu bolesti i ne uti\u010de na kognitivnu funkciju pacijenta.<\/p>\n<p>Kod pacijenata sa kontrolisanim sistemskim tumorom i raznim mo\u017edanim metastazama (do 3), operacija se obavlja u slu\u010daju velike i pristupa\u010dne metastaze i ima veliki uticaj kod pacijenata koji su u dobrom op\u0161tem stanju. U svim drugim slu\u010dajevima preporu\u010duje se terapija zra\u010denjem (radiohirurgija).<\/p>\n<p>Kod pacijenata sa vi\u0161e od tri metastaze i kod onih sa nekontrolisanim, sistemskim tumorom, tretman zra\u010denjem (ceo mozak) je standardni tretman.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"template":"","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.7.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Metastaze mozga - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/treatments\/metastaze-mozga\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Metastaze mozga - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Metastaze mozga &nbsp; \u0160ta su metastatski tumori mozga? 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Metastaze mozga su naj\u010de\u0161\u0107i oblici raka mozga po stopi koja je deset puta ve\u0107a od primarnih primitivnih tumora mozga. Oko 10% pacijenata sa dijagnozom sistemskog raka razviju mo\u017edane metastaze u centralnom nervnom sistemu. 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