{"id":38162,"date":"2017-02-17T16:54:18","date_gmt":"2017-02-17T16:54:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitas.local\/diseases\/anemija\/"},"modified":"2017-11-06T11:43:47","modified_gmt":"2017-11-06T11:43:47","slug":"anemija","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/diseases\/anemija\/","title":{"rendered":"Anemija"},"content":{"rendered":"

Anemija je nedostatak ili poreme\u0107aj\u00a0 hemoglobina, pigmenta u crvenim krvnim \u0107elijama koji vezuje kiseonik u plu\u0107ima i nosi ga kroz krvotok do svih tkiva. U slu\u010daju anemije, sposobnost krvi da prenosi kiseonik na ovaj na\u010din je smanjena. Kao posledica toga, neka tkiva ne primaju potrebnu koli\u010dinu kiseonika.<\/p>\n

Crvene krvne \u0107elije se stvaraju u ko\u0161tanoj sr\u017ei (vi\u0161e od milion u sekundi) i cirkuli\u0161u kroz krvotok oko 120 dana pre negp \u0161to se rasture u slezini. Kod zdravih osoba, postoji balans izme\u0111u procesa stvaranja i procesa uni\u0161tavanja krvnih \u0107elija. Anemija se javlja kada se ovaj balans naru\u0161i, \u0161to smanjuje broj zdravih \u0107elija, ili kada je hemoglobin na nivou koji nije normalan.<\/p>\n

Postoje \u010detiri osnovna tipa anemije:<\/p>\n

Nedostatak gvo\u017e\u0111a- naj\u010de\u0161\u0107i tip, kada je nivo gvo\u017e\u0111a nizak<\/p>\n

Nasledna- zbog nepravilnosti u proizvodnji hemoglobina<\/p>\n

Hemoliti\u010dka- kada se crvene krvne \u0107elije uni\u0161tavaju brzo (hemoliza)<\/p>\n

Aplasti\u010dna anemija- kada ko\u0161tana sr\u017e ne mo\u017ee da proizvede dovoljno crvenih krvnih \u0107elija, i vrlo \u010desto, druge vrste \u0107elija<\/p>\n

Anemija isto mo\u017ee biti kratkotrajna ili dugotrajna, koja varira od blage do veoma jake.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptomi<\/h2>\n

Simptomi blage anemije ne moraju biti vidljivi. U ovim slu\u010dajevima, telo nekako uspe da se nosi sa nemogu\u0107no\u0161\u0107u krvi da prenese kiseonik tako \u0161to uve\u0107a dotok krvi u tkivo. Simptomi jake anemije su:<\/p>\n

Umor<\/p>\n

Iscrpljenost<\/p>\n

Bledilo<\/p>\n

Kratak dah, \u010dak i pri blagom istezanju<\/p>\n

Ubrzani rad srca<\/p>\n

Hladne ruke i noge<\/p>\n

Glavobolja<\/p>\n

Hroni\u010dni problemi sa srcem<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Uzroci<\/h2>\n

Uzroci anemije mogu biti:<\/p>\n

Nedostatak gvo\u017e\u0111a, koje stvara hemoglobin<\/p>\n

Krvarenje (jaki ciklusi, \u010dir, polip, kancer)<\/p>\n

Nedostatak vitamina B-12 i folne kiseline<\/p>\n

Hroni\u010dne bolesti, kao HIV, Kronova bolest, reumatski artritis, otkazivanje bubrega<\/p>\n

Infekcije<\/p>\n

Autoimune bolesti<\/p>\n

Manjak hemoglobina<\/p>\n

Istorija bolesti<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Faktori rizika<\/h2>\n

Postoji nekoliko faktora rizika za anemiju<\/p>\n

Manjak unosa B-12 vitamina i folne kiseline<\/p>\n

Menstrualno krvarenje<\/p>\n

Trudno\u0107a<\/p>\n

Hroni\u010dna i medicinska stanja<\/p>\n

Istorija bolesti u porodici<\/p>\n

Crevni poreme\u0107aji<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Komplikacije<\/h2>\n

Komplikacije kod anemije se javljaju ako se ne le\u010di. One mogu biti:<\/p>\n

Iscrpljenost<\/p>\n

Problemi sa srcem<\/p>\n

Smrt, u slu\u010dajunasledne anemije, kada je mnogo krvi izgubljeno, \u0161to mo\u017ee biti fatalno<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Prevencija<\/h2>\n

Prevencija anemije je mogu\u0107a u slu\u010dajevima kada je uzrok nedostatak gvo\u017e\u0111a ili vitamina. U ovom slu\u010daju, trebate unositi hranu koja ima gvo\u017e\u0111e, folnu kiselinu, vitamin B12, vitamin C, kao \u0161to su: teletina, pasulj, povr\u0107e, citrusi, mle\u010dni proizvodi, mahunarke, \u017eitarice ili proizvodi od soje.<\/p>\n

Kada je anemija izazvana drugim okolnostima, nekada se ne mo\u017ee spre\u010diti, ali se konsultujte sa svojim doktorom da bi ste znali kako da je dr\u017eite pod kontrolom.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"template":"","yoast_head":"\nAnemija - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/diseases\/anemija\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Anemija - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Anemija je nedostatak ili poreme\u0107aj\u00a0 hemoglobina, pigmenta u crvenim krvnim \u0107elijama koji vezuje kiseonik u plu\u0107ima i nosi ga kroz krvotok do svih tkiva. U slu\u010daju anemije, sposobnost krvi da prenosi kiseonik na ovaj na\u010din je smanjena. 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