{"id":37007,"date":"2017-02-16T14:00:03","date_gmt":"2017-02-16T14:00:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitas.local\/diseases\/isijas\/"},"modified":"2017-11-07T16:52:52","modified_gmt":"2017-11-07T16:52:52","slug":"isijas","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/diseases\/isijas\/","title":{"rendered":"I\u0161ijas"},"content":{"rendered":"

I\u0161ijas je medicinski naziv za bilo koju vrstu bola koje se javlja usled iritacije ili pritiska na i\u0161ijadi\u010dni \u017eivca koji je najve\u0107i u ljudskom organizmu i koji poti\u010de iz lumbosakralnog dela ki\u010dmene mo\u017edine u donjem delu le\u0111a, prote\u017ee se kroz sedalni deo, zavr\u0161avaju\u0107i se u donjim ekstremitetima. Iz tog razloga bol se tipi\u010dno javlja u donjem delu le\u0111a (lumbalna regija), i mo\u017ee da se pro\u0161iri sve do kolena. U najve\u0107em broju slu\u010dajeva, i\u0161ijas se javlja samo na jednoj strani tela.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptomi<\/h2>\n

Bol koji se \u0161iri od donjeg dela le\u0111a preko sedalnog dela i dalje niz nogu za\u0161titni je znak i\u0161ijasa. Osoba sa i\u0161ijasom mo\u017ee osetiti nelagodu du\u017e gotovo \u010ditavog puta kojim ovaj nerv prolazi, ali se obi\u010dno taj bol javlja u donjem delu le\u0111a, sedalnom delu, sa zadnje strane butine i \u010dak lista noge. Intenzitet bola mo\u017ee da varira od umerenog, pa sve do o\u0161trog ose\u0107aja \u017earenja ili nesnosne nelagode izazvane jakim bolom. Ponekad se bol opisuje kao sevanje ili elektri\u010dni \u0161ok. Bol se tako\u0111e mo\u017ee pogor\u0161avati kijanjem ili ka\u0161ljanjem. Isto tako, dugotrajno sedenje mo\u017ee da dovede do pogor\u0161anja simptoma. Kod nekih osoba mo\u017ee se javiti i utrnulost, uko\u010denost i slabost mi\u0161i\u0107a u nozi i stopalu zahva\u0107enih i\u0161ijasom. Mo\u017ee se \u010dak osetiti i bol u jednom delu noge, a utrnulost u drugom.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Uzroci<\/h2>\n

I\u0161ijas se obi\u010dno javlja kada diskus zahva\u0107en hernijom ili kada osteofiti na ki\u010dmenim pr\u0161ljenovima vr\u0161e direktan pritisak na deo \u017eivca. Osim uklju\u0161tenja nerva od strane diska, me\u0111u ostale uzroke i\u0161ijasa spadaju i iritacija nerva usled pritiska susedne kosti, mi\u0161i\u0107a, unutra\u0161njeg krvarenja, infekcija u ili oko lumbalnog dela ki\u010dme, povrede i drugih razloga. Ponekad i\u0161ijas mo\u017ee da se javi zbog iritacije i\u0161ijadi\u010dnog nerva tokom trudno\u0107e. U re\u0111im slu\u010dajevima, nerv mo\u017ee biti pritisnut tumorom, ili o\u0161te\u0107en od bolesti poput dijabetesa. Ovaj pritisak dovodi do zapaljenja, bola i \u010desto utrnutosti noge pogo\u0111ene i\u0161ijasom.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Faktori rizika<\/h2>\n

Me\u0111u faktore rizika za nastanak i\u0161ijasa spadaju:<\/p>\n

Promene u ki\u010dmi vezane za proces starenja, poput diskus hernije i osteofita na ki\u010dmenim pr\u0161ljenovima;<\/p>\n

Gojaznost;<\/p>\n

Profesija koja zahteva \u010desto okretanje le\u0111a, no\u0161enje tereta ili upravljanje motornim vozilom dugi vremenski period;<\/p>\n

Dugotrajno sedenje;<\/p>\n

Dijabetes.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Komplikacije<\/h2>\n

Iako se mnoge osobe potpuno oporave od i\u0161ijasa i bez neke odre\u0111ene terapije, i\u0161ijas mo\u017ee potencijalno da dovede do trajnog o\u0161te\u0107enja nerva. Potrebno je u najhitnijem roku da se pacijent javi lekaru ukoliko oseti slede\u0107e simptome:<\/p>\n

Gubitak ose\u0107aja u nozi pogo\u0111enoj oboljenjem;<\/p>\n

Slabost noge kod koje se javio i\u0161ijas;<\/p>\n

Gubitak nagona za pra\u017enjenjem i funkcije be\u0161ike<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Le\u010denje<\/h2>\n

Vrste terapije koje se prepisuju u terapiji i\u0161ijasa obuhvataju:<\/p>\n

Lekovi (poput: anti-inflamatorni lekovi, lekovi za opu\u0161tanje mi\u0161i\u0107a, <\/strong>neki od opijata u cilju smanjenja bola,<\/strong> tricikli\u010dni antidepresivi, lekovi protiv napada);<\/p>\n

Fizikalna terapija;<\/p>\n

Inekcije steroida;<\/p>\n

Operativni zahvat<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Prevencija<\/h2>\n

Nije uvek mogu\u0107e spre\u010diti pojavu i\u0161ijasa, ali postoji nekoliko stvari koje osoba mo\u017ee da u\u010dini kako bi spre\u010dila povrede le\u0111a koje bi mogle dovesti do i\u0161ijasa, poput diskus hernije odnosno prolapsa diska. Pridr\u017eavanje slede\u0107ih saveta mo\u017ee da ima zna\u010dajnu ulogu u za\u0161titi le\u0111a:<\/p>\n

Redovno ve\u017ebanje;<\/p>\n

Odr\u017eavanje pravilnog polo\u017eaja prilikom sedenja;<\/p>\n

Sprovo\u0111enje pravilnih telesnih ve\u017ebi.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"template":"","yoast_head":"\nI\u0161ijas - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/diseases\/isijas\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"I\u0161ijas - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"I\u0161ijas je medicinski naziv za bilo koju vrstu bola koje se javlja usled iritacije ili pritiska na i\u0161ijadi\u010dni \u017eivca koji je najve\u0107i u ljudskom organizmu i koji poti\u010de iz lumbosakralnog dela ki\u010dmene mo\u017edine u donjem delu le\u0111a, prote\u017ee se kroz sedalni deo, zavr\u0161avaju\u0107i se u donjim ekstremitetima. 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