{"id":36948,"date":"2017-02-16T11:51:07","date_gmt":"2017-02-16T11:51:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitas.local\/diseases\/karcinom-ezofagusa\/"},"modified":"2017-11-07T20:04:27","modified_gmt":"2017-11-07T20:04:27","slug":"karcinom-ezofagusa","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/diseases\/karcinom-ezofagusa\/","title":{"rendered":"Karcinom ezofagusa"},"content":{"rendered":"

Karcinom ezofagusa predstavlja tumorsku promenu u jednjaku, \u0161upljem tubusu kroz koji se pasira uneti sadr\u017eaj hrane iz usne \u0161upljine do \u017eeluca. Karcinom ezofagusa naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e nastaje iz epitelnih \u0107elija unutra\u0161nje povr\u0161ine jednjaka u donjim partijama. \u010ce\u0161\u0107e se javlja kod mu\u0161karaca nego kod \u017eena. Individue koje poseduju pove\u0107an rizik za nastanak karcinoma jednjaka su one koje konzumiraju duvan, ve\u0107e koli\u010dine alkoholnih napitaka ili boluju od \u017eeluda\u010dnog refluksa. Terapeutski pristup ima za cilj izle\u010denje ili usporavanje progresije karcinoma.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Simptomi<\/span><\/h2>\n

Znaci i simptomi karcinoma ezofagusa podrazumevaju:<\/span><\/p>\n

Bol prilikom gutanja<\/span><\/p>\n

Povra\u0107anje<\/span><\/p>\n

Gubitak na te\u017eini<\/span><\/p>\n

Bol u grudima\/le\u0111ima<\/span><\/p>\n

Pe\u010denje u predelu grudne kosti<\/span><\/p>\n

Promuklost ili ozbiljan ka\u0161alj<\/span><\/p>\n

Rani karcinom ezofagusa obi\u010dno je bez simptomatologije<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Uzroci<\/span><\/h2>\n

Iako je ta\u010dan uzrok nastanka karcinoma jo\u0161 uvek nepoznat, dokazano je da karcinom ezofagusa nastaje iz \u0107elija u kojima postoji mutacija u DNA materijalu. Usled nastalih mutacija, dolazi do nekontrolisanog rasta i deobe \u0107elija te formiranja tumorske promene ezofagusa koja mo\u017ee penetrirati u okolna tkiva. Karcinom ezofagusa klasifikuje se na osnovu tipa \u0107elija iz kojih nastaje. Tipovi karcinoma ezofagusa su slede\u0107i: <\/span><\/p>\n

Adenokarcinom : Karcinom koji se naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e javlja u donjim partijama jednjaka. Nastaje od mukus sekretuju\u0107ih \u0107elija ezofagusa. <\/span><\/p>\n

Karcinom skvamoznih \u0107elija : Karcinom koji se naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e javlja u srednjim partijama ezofagusa. Skvamozne \u0107elije su ravne, tanke \u0107elije koje oivi\u010davaju povr\u0161inu ezofagusa. <\/span><\/p>\n

Drugi tipovi karcinoma: Horiokarcinom, limfom, melanoma, sarkom, karcinom malih \u0107elija.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Faktori rizika<\/span><\/h2>\n

Faktori koji pove\u0107avaju rizik za nastanak karcinoma ezofagusa uklju\u010duju: <\/span><\/p>\n

Konzumacija alkohola<\/span><\/p>\n

Konzumiranje duvana<\/span><\/p>\n

\u017deluda\u010dni refluks<\/span><\/p>\n

Ishrana siroma\u0161na vo\u0107em i povr\u0107em<\/span><\/p>\n

Prekomernu telesnu te\u017einu<\/span><\/p>\n

Ahalaziju<\/span><\/p>\n

Baret-ov ezofagus<\/span><\/p>\n

Terapeutska radijacija abdomen ail igrudnog ko\u0161a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Komplikacije <\/span><\/h2>\n

U slu\u010daju progresije karcinoma ezofagusa, mogu se javiti slede\u0107e komplikacije:<\/span><\/p>\n

Jak bol<\/span><\/p>\n

Krvarenje u jednjaku<\/span><\/p>\n

Opstrukciju ezofagusa (nemogu\u0107nost prolaska hrane kroz jednjak)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Prevencija<\/span><\/h2>\n

Postoje odre\u0111ene preporuke u cilju redukcije faktora rizika za nastanak ezofagealnog karcinoma: <\/span><\/p>\n

Prestanak konzumiranja duvana<\/span><\/p>\n

Limitiranje alkoholnog unosa<\/span><\/p>\n

Ishrana bogatija vo\u0107em i povr\u0107em<\/span><\/p>\n

Odr\u017eavanje idealne telesne te\u017eine i ishrane.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"template":"","yoast_head":"\nKarcinom ezofagusa - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/diseases\/karcinom-ezofagusa\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Karcinom ezofagusa - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Karcinom ezofagusa predstavlja tumorsku promenu u jednjaku, \u0161upljem tubusu kroz koji se pasira uneti sadr\u017eaj hrane iz usne \u0161upljine do \u017eeluca. 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