{"id":36759,"date":"2017-02-14T12:48:52","date_gmt":"2017-02-14T12:48:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitas.local\/diseases\/pankreatitis\/"},"modified":"2017-11-08T16:54:51","modified_gmt":"2017-11-08T16:54:51","slug":"pankreatitis","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/diseases\/pankreatitis\/","title":{"rendered":"Pankreatitis"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Definicija<\/h2>\n<p>Pankreatitis je bolest kod koje dolazi do iznenadnog zapaljenja pankreasa. Pankreas je velika \u017elezda koja se nalazi uglavljena iza \u017eeluca u gornjem delu stomaka. On otpu\u0161ta enzime za varenje hrane i hormone za regulaciju nivoa \u0161e\u0107era u krvi (glukoze).<\/p>\n<p>Pankreatitis mo\u017ee biti akutni (traje nekoliko dana) ili hroni\u010dni (mo\u017ee da traje i godinama). Bio akutni ili hroni\u010dni, pankreatitis je ozbiljno oboljenje koje mo\u017ee dovesti do brojnih komplikacija.<\/p>\n<p>Blagi oblici pankreatitisa mogu da se povuku sami bez le\u010denja, me\u0111utim, u ozbiljnijim slu\u010dajevima ovo oboljenje mo\u017ee ugroziti zdravlje pacijenta usled komplikacija koje se javljaju, pa je potrebna hitna medicinska pomo\u0107.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Simptomi<\/h2>\n<p>Znaci i simptomi pankreatitisa mogu da variraju, zavisno od toga o kom tipu pankreatitsa je re\u010d.<\/p>\n<p>Me\u0111u znacima i simptomima akutnog pankreatitisa su:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Jak bol u gorenjm delu stomaka<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ote\u010den i osetljiv stomak<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mu\u010dnina<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Povra\u0107anje<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bol u stomaku koji se \u0161iri prema le\u0111ima<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bol u stomaku koji se pogor\u0161ava nakon obroka<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Hroni\u010dni pankreatitis mo\u017ee imati slede\u0107e simptome:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Jak bol u gornjem delu stomaka<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nenamerni gubitak te\u017eine<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Masne stolice intenzivnog mirisa (steatorrhea)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Uzroci<\/h2>\n<p>Tokom normalnog procesa varenja, neaktivni enzimi pankreasa izlu\u010duju se iz pankreasa i odvodnim putevima sti\u017eu do tankog creva gde se aktiviraju i u\u010destvuju u varenju hrane. Kod pankreatitisa, ovi enzimi se aktiviraju unutar samog pankreasa. Na ovaj na\u010din enzimi iritiraju \u0107elije pankreasa, izazivaju\u0107i zapaljenje i simptome povezane sa pankreatitisom. Ponavljanje iritacije kod pankreatitisa mo\u017ee dovesti do pojave hroni\u010dnog pankreatitisa i time izazvati probleme u varenju i dijabetes.<\/p>\n<p>Me\u0111u ostalim urocima akutnog i hroni\u010dnog pankreatitisa su:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Alkoholizam<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kamenje u \u017eu\u010di<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Operativni zahvat u abdomenu<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Izvesni lekovi<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pu\u0161enje<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Cisti\u010dna fibroza<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Porodi\u010dna istorija pankreatitisa<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Infekcija<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Povreda stomaka<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Rak pankreasa<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Faktori rizika<\/h2>\n<p>Pankreatitis mo\u017ee da se javi kod svakoga, ali se ne\u0161to \u010de\u0161\u0107e javlja kod osoba koje imaju neke od faktora rizika. Me\u0111u tim faktorima rizika nalaze se:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kamenje u \u017eu\u010di<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Te\u017eak alkoholizam<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Me\u0111u faktorima rizika za nastanak hroni\u010dnog pankreatitisa su:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dugoro\u010dni te\u0161ki alkoholizam<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Izvesne genetske bolesti (cisti\u010dna fibroza)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kamenje u \u017eu\u010di<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Stanja poput visokog nivoa triglicerida i lupusa<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Komplikacije<\/h2>\n<p>Pankreatitis mo\u017ee da dovede do ozbiljnih komplikacija, me\u0111u kojima su:<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pseudociste: Razvoj cista ispunjenih te\u010dno\u0161\u0107u u unutra\u0161njosti pankreasa<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Problemi sa disanjem: Sni\u017eene vrednosti kiseonika u krvi<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dijabetes: Bolest koja poga\u0111a sistem obrade \u0161e\u0107era u organizmu<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Neuhranjenost: Nedostatak hranljivih materija u telu<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Rak pankreasa<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Infekcija<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bubre\u017ena insuficijencija<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Le\u010denje<\/h2>\n<p>Le\u010denje pankreatitisa obi\u010dno zahteva hospitalizaciju. Me\u0111u preporu\u010denim metodama se nalaze:<\/p>\n<p>Stroga dijeta, odnosno post (prestanak unosa hrane nekoliko dana, kako bi se pru\u017eila mogu\u0107nost pankreasu da se oporavi)<\/p>\n<p>Uzimanje lekova protiv bolova (kako bi se kontrolisao bol i smanjila neugoda)<\/p>\n<p>Intravenski unos te\u010dnosti i hranljivih materija (kako bi se pankreas oporavio i spre\u010dila dehidratacija)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Kada se zapaljenje pankreasa stavi pod kontrolu, lekari mogu da sprovedu le\u010denje uzroka pankreasa. Ono mo\u017ee obuhvatiti i:<\/p>\n<p>Endoskopsku retrogradnu holangiopankreatografiju: Procedura kojom se uz pomo\u0107 duga\u010dke sonde sa kamerom ispituje pankreas i pro\u0161iruju \u017eu\u010dni putevi.<\/p>\n<p>Operaciju \u017eu\u010dne kese: hirur\u0161ko uklanjanje \u017eu\u010dne kese (holecistektomija).<\/p>\n<p>Operaciju pankreasa: hirur\u0161ka drena\u017ea te\u010dnosti iz pankreasa ili odstranjivanje o\u0161te\u0107enog tkiva<\/p>\n<p>Odvikavanje od alkohola putem posebnog programa<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Me\u0111u dodatnim opcijama za le\u010denje hroni\u010dnog pankreatitisa su:<\/p>\n<p>Lekovi za kontrolu bola<\/p>\n<p>Suplementi enzima pankreasa koji \u0107e pomo\u0107i telu u razlaganju i obradi hranljivih materija nakon uzimanja hrane.<\/p>\n<p>Promene u na\u010dinu ishrane.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"template":"","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.7.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Pankreatitis - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/diseases\/pankreatitis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pankreatitis - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Definicija Pankreatitis je bolest kod koje dolazi do iznenadnog zapaljenja pankreasa. 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Pankreas je velika \u017elezda koja se nalazi uglavljena iza \u017eeluca u gornjem delu stomaka. On otpu\u0161ta enzime za varenje hrane i hormone za regulaciju nivoa \u0161e\u0107era u krvi (glukoze). Pankreatitis mo\u017ee biti akutni (traje nekoliko dana) ili hroni\u010dni (mo\u017ee da traje i godinama). 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