{"id":36648,"date":"2017-02-13T13:42:48","date_gmt":"2017-02-13T13:42:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitas.local\/diseases\/artroza\/"},"modified":"2017-11-06T12:06:48","modified_gmt":"2017-11-06T12:06:48","slug":"artroza","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/diseases\/artroza\/","title":{"rendered":"Artroza"},"content":{"rendered":"

Artroza ili Osteoartritis je bolest koja se javlja usled starosti i istro\u0161enosti\u00a0 i kidanja zglobova, koja naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e napada zglobove koji su izlo\u017eeni te\u0161kom teretu , npr. Kukovi, kolena i ki\u010dma; ne tako \u010desto, mo\u017ee se javiti i u zglobovima ruku i stopala. Naj\u010de\u0161\u0107i simptom osteoartritisa je bol, uko\u010denost i ograni\u010dena funkcija zglobova. Simptomi po\u010dinju da se javljaju oko 50. godine, posebno kod \u017eena posle menopauze.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0160ta je osteoartritis?<\/h2>\n

Osteoartritis je bolest koja se javlja usled istro\u0161enosti i kidanja i starenja zglobova, koja naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e napada zglobove koji su izlo\u017eeni te\u0161kom naporu, kao \u0161to su kolena i ki\u010dma, ali retko se mogu i javiti na \u0161akama i stopalima.<\/p>\n

Osteoartritis se javlja slabljenjem hrskavice koja obavija povr\u0161inu kostiju u zglobovima. Hrskavica je tkivo koje smanjuje trenje izme\u0111u kostiju, a kada je o\u0161te\u0107eno usled istro\u0161enosti i kidanja, gubi svoju elasti\u010dnost, postaje o\u0161trija i lako se mo\u017ee o\u0161tetiti. Pored pogor\u0161avanja stanja hrskavice, tetive i ligamenti budu upaljeni, \u0161to izaziva bol. Ako se stanje pogor\u0161a, kosti mogu da se trljaju jedna o drugu \u0161to izaziva bol, otok i uko\u010denost, a mogu se javiti i ko\u0161tani izra\u0161taji, obi\u010dno na \u0161akama,\u00a0 poznati kao osteofiti.<\/p>\n

Simptomi osteoartritisa po\u010dinju se javljati oko 50. godine \u017eivota, posebno kod \u017eenskih pacijenata posle menopauze. Pre toga, artroza napada i mu\u0161karce i \u017eene podjednako, a uzroci su vezani za posao ili za na\u010din \u017eivota i hormonske promene povezane sa menopauzom.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0160ta izaziva Artrozu?<\/h2>\n

Osteoartritis je bolestpovezana sa starenjem i istro\u0161eno\u0161\u0107u i kidanjem artikularne hrskavice, koje mo\u017ee biti potpognuto slede\u0107im faktorima:<\/p>\n

Istorija bolesti u porodici<\/p>\n

Ako je osoba preterano ili obesno gojazna: preterana te\u017eina na nuge staze izaziva o\u0161te\u0107enje zglobova na kukovima, kolenima i stopalima<\/p>\n

Naprsline i povrede zglobova<\/p>\n

Neki poslovi koji zahtevaju neprirodne polo\u017eaje (dugo kle\u010danje) ili dugotrajno kori\u0161\u0107enje nekih zglobova (npr. zglobovi na prstima)<\/p>\n

Sportovi kao \u0161to je fudbal: gde se javlja prerana istro\u0161enost i kidanje hrskavice na stopalima i kolenima<\/p>\n

Bolesti sa cirkulacijom koje izazivaju krvarenje i o\u0161te\u0107enje zglobova (hemofilija, avaskularna osteonekroza)<\/p>\n

Neke vrste artritisa (giht, pseudo giht ili reumatski artritis) koji o\u0161te\u0107uju artikulaciju i \u010dine je podlo\u017enijom o\u0161te\u0107enju hrskavice.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Koji su simptomi osteoartritisa?<\/h2>\n

Naj\u010de\u0161\u0107i simptomi osteoartritisa su bol. Uko\u010denost i ograni\u010dena upotreba o\u0161te\u0107enog zgloba.<\/p>\n

Bol koji ose\u0107ate je mehani\u010dki, \u0161to zna\u010di da se pove\u0107ava nakon ve\u017ebanja ili kada stavite te\u017einu na taj zglob; obi\u010dno je bol ja\u010da tokom no\u0107i, a smanjuje se nakon odmaranja. \u010cesto se na po\u010detku pokretanja \u010duju artikulacije i zvuci ponati kao pucanje zglobova. Ne ose\u0107aju svi pacijenti sa osteoartritisom ove simptome; osteoartritis se \u010desto otkriva tek nakon rendgena.<\/p>\n

Neki posebni aspekti osteoartritisa su oni koji napadaju \u0161ake. Mo\u017ee uticati na istezanje malih zglobova na prstima ruke: Heberdenski \u010dvorovi koji poga\u0111aju distalne zglobove (krajnje) na prstima, dok se Bu\u0161ardovi \u010dvori\u0107i razvijaju na nivou prednjih zglobova na pstima. Obe vrste \u010dvori\u0107a mogu biti bolne kada se formiraju, izazivaju\u0107i ograni\u010denost prilikom pokretanja.<\/p>\n

Na drugoj strani, osteoartritis ki\u010dme mo\u017ee da dovede do formiranja osteofita koji proviruju iz ki\u010dme, izazivaju\u0107i iritaciju nekih nerava i samim tim i bol,\u00a0 zujanje i utrnulost nekih delova tela.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Dijagnoza<\/h2>\n

Dijagnoza se bazira na nekoliko elemenata, uklju\u010duju\u0107i:<\/p>\n

Medicinski pregled, na osnovu kog se proverava da li su zglobovi deformisani, bolni, i da li su ograni\u010deni u pokretnosti;<\/p>\n

Radiolo\u0161ka istra\u017eivanja, koja nam pokazuju smanjenje prostora izme\u0111u zglobova, promenu u izgledu kostiju i formaciju osteofita ili cista na zglobovima.<\/p>\n

Ne postoje posebni laboratorijski testovi za dijagnostifikovanje osteoartritisa, koja je ponekad dijagnoza isklju\u010denja.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"template":"","yoast_head":"\nArtroza - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sr\/diseases\/artroza\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Artroza - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Artroza ili Osteoartritis je bolest koja se javlja usled starosti i istro\u0161enosti\u00a0 i kidanja zglobova, koja naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e napada zglobove koji su izlo\u017eeni te\u0161kom teretu , npr. Kukovi, kolena i ki\u010dma; ne tako \u010desto, mo\u017ee se javiti i u zglobovima ruku i stopala. Naj\u010de\u0161\u0107i simptom osteoartritisa je bol, uko\u010denost i ograni\u010dena funkcija zglobova. 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Kukovi, kolena i ki\u010dma; ne tako \u010desto, mo\u017ee se javiti i u zglobovima ruku i stopala. Naj\u010de\u0161\u0107i simptom osteoartritisa je bol, uko\u010denost i ograni\u010dena funkcija zglobova. 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