{"id":62655,"date":"2020-06-09T08:25:27","date_gmt":"2020-06-09T08:25:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/?post_type=disease&#038;p=62655"},"modified":"2020-10-29T10:54:32","modified_gmt":"2020-10-29T10:54:32","slug":"rak-mehkega-neba","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sl\/diseases\/rak-mehkega-neba\/","title":{"rendered":"Rak mehkega neba"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Rak mehkega neba je vrsta raka na zgornjem delu ust zadaj, za zobmi.<\/p>\n<p>Nebo, znano kot streha ust, je razdeljeno na dva dela: trdo nebo (ko\u0161\u010deni most med usti in nosno votlino in mehko nebo, mesnat del za trdim nebom v zadnjem delu ust. mehko nebo je del orofarinksa in zato rak mehkega neba velja za vrsto raka grla.<\/p>\n<p>Funkcija mehkega neba je, da med po\u017eiranjem zapre nosni prehod, da hrana ne vstopi v nos. Pomaga tudi pri ustvarjanju govornih zvokov.<\/p>\n<p>Rak mehkega neba se bolj pogosteje pojavi pri starej\u0161ih mo\u0161kih, obi\u010dajno zaradi kajenja in pitja v preteklosti. Toda v zadnjem desetletju so bili primeri tudi pri mlaj\u0161ih ljudeh.<\/p>\n<p>Pozitivna stran pri raku mehkega neba je, da je tumor mogo\u010de videti in v celoti odstraniti s kirur\u0161kim posegom skozi usta.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Simptomi<\/h2>\n<p>Simptomi raka mehkega neba so odvisni od lokacije tumorja in lahko vklju\u010dujejo:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nebole\u010da razjeda na za\u010detku, ki se kasneje spremeni v bole\u010do<\/li>\n<li>Krvavitev iz razjede<\/li>\n<li>Govorne spremembe<\/li>\n<li>Te\u017eave pri po\u017eiranju ali pri odpiranju ust<\/li>\n<li>Kepica v vratu, v primerih ko se je rak raz\u0161iril na bezgavke v vratu<\/li>\n<li>Ob\u010dutek grudice v grlu<\/li>\n<li>Slab zadah<\/li>\n<li>U\u0161esne bole\u010dine, zlasti na eni strani<\/li>\n<li>Izguba te\u017ee<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ti simptomi so lahko prisotni tudi pri drugih boleznih; ne pomenijo, da imate raka na mehkem nebu. Zato je priporo\u010dljiv obisk zdravnika.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Vzroki<\/h2>\n<p>Vzroki za rak mehkega neba so:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>u\u017eivanje alkohola in tobaka (cigarete, cigare, tobak za \u017eve\u010denje)<\/li>\n<li>genetski dejavniki<\/li>\n<li>okoljski dejavniki<\/li>\n<li>HPV (\u010dlove\u0161i papiloma virus), zlasti visoko tvegane vrste, HPV 16 in HPV18<\/li>\n<li>Prej\u0161nja izpostavljenost sevanju<\/li>\n<li>Slaba ustna higiena<\/li>\n<li>Pomanjkanje nekaterih vitaminov<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Dejavniki tveganja<\/h2>\n<p>Tveganja za nastanek raka mehkega neba so:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>mo\u010dno kajenje<\/li>\n<li>prekomerna uporaba alkohola<\/li>\n<li>slaba prehrana z manj sadja in zelenjave<\/li>\n<li>pridobitev virusa HPV s spolnimi stiki, predvsem oralnim seksom<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"template":"","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.7.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Rak mehkega neba - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sl\/diseases\/rak-mehkega-neba\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sl_SI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Rak mehkega neba - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Rak mehkega neba je vrsta raka na zgornjem delu ust zadaj, za zobmi. 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