{"id":62623,"date":"2020-06-08T10:51:42","date_gmt":"2020-06-08T10:51:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/?post_type=disease&#038;p=62623"},"modified":"2020-10-29T11:08:00","modified_gmt":"2020-10-29T11:08:00","slug":"bolezen-pljucne-zaklopke","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sl\/diseases\/bolezen-pljucne-zaklopke\/","title":{"rendered":"Bolezen plju\u010dne zaklopke"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Opredelitev<\/h2>\n<p>Bolezen plju\u010dne zaklopke je obi\u010dajno stanje srca, ki ga povzro\u010di prekinitev plju\u010dne zaklopke, ki skrbi za to, da kri iz srca pravilno te\u010de v plju\u010da. Pojavi se, kadar ena ali ve\u010d zaklopk v srcu ne deluje pravilno.<\/p>\n<p>Dve najpogostej\u0161i vrsti bolezni zaklopk vklju\u010dujeta valvularno stenozo in valvularno insuficienco.<\/p>\n<p>Valvularna stenoza: stanje, ki se pojavi, ko je odprtina ventila preozka, zaradi \u010desar srce deluje z ve\u010djo silo, da bi \u010drpalo kri po telesu.<\/p>\n<p>Valvularna insuficienca: Temu pravimo tudi regurgitacija, ki se pojavi, ko je ventil bolan ali nenormalen in se ne zapre do konca. To posledi\u010dno povzro\u010di, da se kri vname, namesto da gre naprej, srce pa mora delovati z ve\u010djo silo, da bi nadoknadilo pu\u0161\u010den ventil.<\/p>\n<p>Mo\u017enosti zdravljenja bolezni plju\u010dne zaklopke so odvisne od vrste bolezni plju\u010dne zaklopke in posameznik trpi zaradi njegove resnosti.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Simptomi<\/h2>\n<p>Pogosti znaki in simptomi bolezni plju\u010dne zaklopke vklju\u010dujejo naslednje:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Utrujenost<\/li>\n<li>Omoti\u010dnost<\/li>\n<li>Zasoplost<\/li>\n<li>Nelagodje v prsih<\/li>\n<li>Sr\u010dna palpitacija<\/li>\n<li>Otekanje gle\u017enjev, stopal ali trebuha<\/li>\n<li>Pove\u010danje telesne mase<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Simptomi se ne nana\u0161ajo vedno na resnost posameznikovega stanja. V nekaterih primerih lahko posameznik nima nobenih simptomov in ima hudo obolenje zaklopk, kar zahteva takoj\u0161nje zdravljenje.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Vzroki<\/h2>\n<p>Natan\u010den vzrok bolezni plju\u010dne zaklopke \u0161e vedno ni znan. Lahko se razvije pred rojstvom ali pa ga je mogo\u010de pridobiti nekje v \u017eivljenju. Na zaklopkah srca se lahko zgodi veliko sprememb. Te spremembe lahko uvedejo:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Revmati\u010dna vro\u010dina<\/li>\n<li>Endokarditis<\/li>\n<li>Prolaps Mitralne zaklopke<\/li>\n<li>Bolezen koronarnih arterij<\/li>\n<li>Sr\u010dni infarkt<\/li>\n<li>Sifilis<\/li>\n<li>Hipertenzija<\/li>\n<li>Anevrizme aorte<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Manj pogosti vzroki bolezni plju\u010dne zaklopke vklju\u010dujejo naslednje:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Tumorji<\/li>\n<li>Dolo\u010dena zdravila<\/li>\n<li>Izpostavljenost sevanju za zdravljenje raka<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Dejavniki tveganja<\/h2>\n<p>Dejavniki, ki lahko pove\u010dajo tveganje za nastanek bolezni plju\u010dne zaklopke, vklju\u010dujejo naslednje:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u010ce smo kadilec<\/li>\n<li>Starost<\/li>\n<li>Prekomerna te\u017ea<\/li>\n<li>Imamo te\u017eave z alkoholom<\/li>\n<li>Imamo kroni\u010dno bolezen<\/li>\n<li>Uporaba steroidov<\/li>\n<li>Imamo sladkorno bolezen<\/li>\n<li>Osebna zgodovina bolezni ledvic<\/li>\n<li>Slabo delovanje srca<\/li>\n<li>Obse\u017ena bolezen srca<\/li>\n<li>Slaba prehrana<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Zapleti<\/h2>\n<p>Mo\u017eni zapleti, ki lahko nastanejo zaradi bolezni plju\u010dne zaklopke, vklju\u010dujejo naslednje:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Odpoved srca<\/li>\n<li>\u017divljenjsko nevarna oku\u017eba<\/li>\n<li>Kardiomiopatija<\/li>\n<li>Smrt<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Zdravljenje<\/h2>\n<p>Mo\u017enosti zdravljenja bolezni plju\u010dne zaklopke se osredoto\u010dajo na zmanj\u0161anje delovne obremenitve na srcu, obnavljanje normalnega sr\u010dnega ritma in prepre\u010devanje krvnih strdkov in kapi. V nekaterih primerih lahko spremljamo bolezen plju\u010dne zaklopke ali njene simptome zdravimo z antibiotiki. V huj\u0161ih primerih pa bo morda potrebna operacija.<\/p>\n<p>Nekaj \u200b\u200bkirur\u0161kih posegov vklju\u010duje:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sr\u010dna kateterizacija: kirur\u0161ki poseg, ki vklju\u010duje vstavitev cevi v veno v nogi in do srca ter nadaljnjo vstavljanje instrumentov skozi cev, da pomaga diagnosticirati in zdraviti sr\u010dno-\u017eilna stanja.<\/li>\n<li>Popravilo sr\u010dnih zaklopk: kirur\u0161ki postopek, ki vklju\u010duje lo\u010devanje zama\u0161kov zama\u0161enega ventila, \u0161ivanje raztrganih izboklin ali preoblikovanje delov ventila, da se omogo\u010di tesno zapiranje.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Preventiva<\/h2>\n<p>\u010ceprav bolezni plju\u010dne zaklopke ni mogo\u010de prepre\u010diti, je treba sprejeti nekaj ukrepov za izbolj\u0161anje splo\u0161nega zdravja in upo\u010dasnitev razvoja sr\u010dnih bolezni. Vklju\u010dujejo:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Izogibanje kajenju<\/li>\n<li>U\u017eivanje zdrave prehrane<\/li>\n<li>Zmanj\u0161anje ravni stresa z vajami za vadbo<\/li>\n<li>Izguba te\u017ee, \u010de je potrebno, da ubla\u017ei pritisk na srce.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"template":"","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.7.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Bolezen plju\u010dne zaklopke - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sl\/diseases\/bolezen-pljucne-zaklopke\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sl_SI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bolezen plju\u010dne zaklopke - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Opredelitev Bolezen plju\u010dne zaklopke je obi\u010dajno stanje srca, ki ga povzro\u010di prekinitev plju\u010dne zaklopke, ki skrbi za to, da kri iz srca pravilno te\u010de v plju\u010da. 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