{"id":62615,"date":"2020-06-08T10:45:15","date_gmt":"2020-06-08T10:45:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/?post_type=disease&#038;p=62615"},"modified":"2020-10-29T11:08:28","modified_gmt":"2020-10-29T11:08:28","slug":"primarni-aldosteronizem","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sl\/diseases\/primarni-aldosteronizem\/","title":{"rendered":"Primarni aldosteronizem"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Opredelitev<\/h2>\n<p>Primarni aldosteronizem je vrsta hormonske motnje, ki vodi do visokega krvnega tlaka. Vzrok za to stanje je zaradi visoke ravni aldosterona iz nadledvi\u010dnih \u017elez. Aldosteron je hormon, ki uravnote\u017ei natrij in kalij v krvi.<\/p>\n<p>Med primarnim aldosteronizmom nadledvi\u010dne \u017eleze proizvajajo preve\u010d aldosterona, kar povzro\u010da izgubo kalija in zadr\u017eevanje natrija v telesu. Po drugi strani se prese\u017eek ravni natrija v telesu zadr\u017euje na vodi, kar posledi\u010dno pove\u010duje visok krvni volumen in raven krvnega tlaka.<\/p>\n<p>Mo\u017enosti zdravljenja primarnega aldosteronizma vklju\u010dujejo zdravljenje visokega krvnega tlaka z dolo\u010denimi zdravili, spremembe \u017eivljenjskega sloga ali operacijo. Za posameznike s primarnim aldosteronizmom je klju\u010dnega pomena, da poi\u0161\u010dejo zdravljenje, da prepre\u010dijo pove\u010dano tveganje za nastanek sr\u010dne bolezni ali mo\u017eganske kapi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Simptomi<\/h2>\n<p>Glavni znaki primarnega aldosteronizma so:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Spremembe ravni krvnega tlaka od zmerne do hude<\/li>\n<li>Odporna hipertenzija: visok krvni tlak, ki ga je kljub uporabi diuretika in vsaj dveh drugih zdravil za krvni tlak te\u017eko nadzorovati<\/li>\n<li>Hipokalemija: pomanjkanje kalija v krvnem obtoku<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Vzroki<\/h2>\n<p>Obstaja ve\u010d pogojev, ki verjetno povzro\u010dajo prekomerno proizvodnjo aldosterona. Ti pogoji vklju\u010dujejo:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Connov sindrom: stanje, ki vklju\u010duje benigni tumor nadledvi\u010dne \u017eleze. Najpogostej\u0161i je pri posameznikih, starih od 30 do 50 let.<\/li>\n<li>Idiopatski hiperaldosteronizem: stanje, ki vklju\u010duje prekomerno uporabo obeh nadledvi\u010dnih \u017elez<\/li>\n<li>Primarni aldosteronizem lahko v redkih primerih povzro\u010di:<\/li>\n<li>Rak nadledvi\u010dne \u017eleze: rakava rast na zunanji plasti nadledvi\u010dnih \u017elez.<\/li>\n<li>Aldosteronizem, ki se lahko odstrani z glukokortikoidi: redka vrsta primarnega aldosteronizma, ki se pojavlja v dru\u017einah in povzro\u010da visok krvni tlak pri otrocih in mladih.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Zapleti<\/h2>\n<p>Ve\u010d zapletov, ki lahko nastanejo zaradi primarnega aldosteronizma, vklju\u010dujejo naslednje:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hudo visok krvni tlak<\/li>\n<li>Sr\u010dne aritmije<\/li>\n<li>Mi\u0161i\u010dni kr\u010di<\/li>\n<li>Odve\u010dna \u017eeja ali uriniranje<\/li>\n<li>Sr\u010dni infarkt<\/li>\n<li>Odpoved srca<\/li>\n<li>Bolezni ledvic<\/li>\n<li>Odpoved ledvic<\/li>\n<li>Hipertrofija levega prekata (pove\u010danje mi\u0161ice, ki tvori steno levega prekata)<\/li>\n<li>Stroka<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Prezgodnja smrt<\/h2>\n<p>Primarni aldosteronizem lahko povzro\u010di ve\u010d zapletov; vse je povezano z visokim krvnim tlakom ali nizko koncentracijo kalija. To je posledica visoke ravni aldosterona v telesu, kar lahko povzro\u010di po\u0161kodbe srca in krvnih \u017eil lo\u010deno od zapletov, povezanih z visokim krvnim tlakom.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Zdravljenje<\/h2>\n<p>Mo\u017enosti zdravljenja primarnega aldosteronizma so odvisne od osnovnega vzroka stanja in posameznikovega splo\u0161nega zdravstvenega stanja. Glavni cilj je normalizacija ravni aldosterona in prepre\u010devanje nadaljnjih zapletov, povezanih z visokim krvnim tlakom in nizko koncentracijo kalija.<\/p>\n<p>Mo\u017enosti zdravljenja lahko vklju\u010dujejo naslednje:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kirur\u0161ki poseg: Kirur\u0161ka odstranitev nadledvi\u010dne \u017eleze lahko pomaga odpraviti simptome in normalizirati raven aldosterona.<\/li>\n<li>Zdravila, ki zavirajo aldosteron: Uporaba zdravil, ki zavirajo aldosteron, lahko pomaga pri zdravljenju benignih tumorjev, povezanih s primarnim aldosteronizmom.<\/li>\n<li>Antagonisti mineralokortikoidnih receptorjev: Uporaba nekaterih zdravil lahko pomaga blokirati delovanje aldosterona v telesu.<\/li>\n<li>Diuretiki: Uporaba vodnih tablet (diuretikov) lahko pomaga pri obvladovanju teko\u010dine v telesu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Spremembe \u017eivljenjskega sloga: nekatere spremembe \u017eivljenjskega sloga lahko pomagajo normalizirati krvni tlak in nizko raven kalija. Te spremembe lahko vklju\u010dujejo: ohranjanje zdrave telesne te\u017ee, zmanj\u0161anje vnosa natrija, redno vadbo, omejitev u\u017eivanja alkohola in opustitev kajenja.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"template":"","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.7.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Primarni aldosteronizem - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sl\/diseases\/primarni-aldosteronizem\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sl_SI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Primarni aldosteronizem - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Opredelitev Primarni aldosteronizem je vrsta hormonske motnje, ki vodi do visokega krvnega tlaka. 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Vzrok za to stanje je zaradi visoke ravni aldosterona iz nadledvi\u010dnih \u017elez. Aldosteron je hormon, ki uravnote\u017ei natrij in kalij v krvi. Med primarnim aldosteronizmom nadledvi\u010dne \u017eleze proizvajajo preve\u010d aldosterona, kar povzro\u010da izgubo kalija in zadr\u017eevanje natrija v telesu. 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