{"id":62540,"date":"2020-06-03T13:22:57","date_gmt":"2020-06-03T13:22:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/?post_type=disease&#038;p=62540"},"modified":"2020-11-03T13:23:23","modified_gmt":"2020-11-03T13:23:23","slug":"pankreatitis","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sl\/diseases\/pankreatitis\/","title":{"rendered":"Pankreatitis"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Definicija<\/h2>\n<p>Pankreatitis je bolezen, pri kateri pride do nenadnega vnetja v trebu\u0161ni slinavki. Trebu\u0161na slinavka je velika \u017eleza, ki je pritrjena za trebuhom v zgornjem delu trebu\u0161ne votline. Spro\u0161\u010da encime, ki pomagajo prebavi hrane in hormonom, da pomagajo uravnavati na\u010din, kako telo predela sladkor (glukozo).<\/p>\n<p>Pankreatitis je lahko akutni (traja ve\u010d dni) ali kroni\u010den (pojavlja se ve\u010d let). Vsaka oblika je resna in lahko privede do zapletov.<\/p>\n<p>Blagi primeri pankreatitisa lahko minejo brez potrebe po zdravljenju, vendar lahko hudi primeri povzro\u010dijo smrtno nevarne zaplete in zahtevajo takoj\u0161njo pozornost.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Simptomi<\/h2>\n<p>Znaki in simptomi pankreatitisa so lahko razli\u010dni glede na tip pankreatitisa.<\/p>\n<p>Znaki in simptomi akutnega pankreatitisa vklju\u010dujejo:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mo\u010dne bole\u010dine v zgornjem delu trebuha<\/li>\n<li>Ote\u010den in ob\u010dutljiv trebuh<\/li>\n<li>Slabost<\/li>\n<li>Bruhanje<\/li>\n<li>Bole\u010dine v trebuhu, ki sevajo v hrbet<\/li>\n<li>Bole\u010dine v trebuhu, ki se po jedi poslab\u0161ajo<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Znaki in simptomi kroni\u010dnega pankreatitisa vklju\u010dujejo:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mo\u010dne bole\u010dine v zgornjem delu trebuha<\/li>\n<li>Nenamerno huj\u0161anje<\/li>\n<li>Mastna, smrde\u010da blato (steatorreja)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Vzroki<\/h2>\n<p>Med normalno prebavo se inaktivirani encimi trebu\u0161ne slinavke gibljejo skozi kanale v trebu\u0161ni slinavki in potujejo v tanko \u010drevo, kjer se encimi aktivirajo in pomagajo pri prebavi. Pri pankreatitisu se encimi aktivirajo, ko so \u0161e v trebu\u0161ni slinavki. To povzro\u010di, da encimi dra\u017eijo celice trebu\u0161ne slinavke, kar posledi\u010dno povzro\u010da vnetje in simptome, povezane s pankreatitisom. Ponavljajo\u010de dra\u017eenje pankreatitisa lahko privede do kroni\u010dnega pankreatitisa in povzro\u010di prebavne te\u017eave in diabetes.<\/p>\n<p>Drugi vzroki, povezani z akutnim in kroni\u010dnim pankreatitisom, vklju\u010dujejo:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Alkoholizem<\/li>\n<li>\u017dol\u010dni kamni<\/li>\n<li>Trebu\u0161na operacija<\/li>\n<li>Nekatera zdravila<\/li>\n<li>Kajenje<\/li>\n<li>Cisti\u010dna fibroza<\/li>\n<li>Dru\u017einska anamneza pankreatitisa<\/li>\n<li>Oku\u017eba<\/li>\n<li>Po\u0161kodba trebuha<\/li>\n<li>Rak trebu\u0161ne slinavke<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Dejavniki tveganja<\/h2>\n<p>Pankreatitis se lahko zgodi vsakomur, vendar je pogostej\u0161i pri posameznikih z dolo\u010denimi dejavniki tveganja. Dejavniki tveganja akutnega pankreatitisa vklju\u010dujejo:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u017dol\u010dni kamni<\/li>\n<li>Mo\u010dno u\u017eivanje alkohola<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Dejavniki tveganja za kroni\u010dni pankreatitis vklju\u010dujejo:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mo\u010dnej\u0161i vnos alkohola za dalj\u0161e \u010dasovno obdobje<\/li>\n<li>Dolo\u010dena genetska stanja (cisti\u010dna fibroza)<\/li>\n<li>\u017dol\u010dni kamni<\/li>\n<li>Stanja, kot so visoki trigliceridi in lupus<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Zapleti<\/h2>\n<p>Pankreatitis lahko povzro\u010di resne zaplete, vklju\u010dno z:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Psevdocista: Razvoj ciste, napolnjene s teko\u010dino, kot vre\u010de v trebu\u0161ni slinavki<\/li>\n<li>Te\u017eave z dihanjem: Zni\u017eevanje ravni kisika v krvi<\/li>\n<li>Sladkorna bolezen: Bolezen, ki vpliva na na\u010din, kako telo uporablja krvni sladkor<\/li>\n<li>Podhranjenost: Pomanjkanje hranilnih snovi v telesu<\/li>\n<li>Rak trebu\u0161ne slinavke<\/li>\n<li>Oku\u017eba<\/li>\n<li>Odpoved ledvic<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Zdravljenje<\/h2>\n<p>Zdravljenje pankreatitisa obi\u010dajno zahteva hospitalizacijo. Nekaj priporo\u010dil lahko vklju\u010duje:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Post (za nekaj dni prenehajte jesti, da bi trebu\u0161na slinavka dobila prilo\u017enost za regeneracijo)<\/li>\n<li>Jemanje zdravil proti bole\u010dinam (za la\u017eje nadziranje bole\u010dine in laj\u0161anje nelagodja)<\/li>\n<li>Prejemanje intravenskih teko\u010din (za pomo\u010d pri popravilu trebu\u0161ne slinavke in prepre\u010devanju dehidracije)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ko je vnetje v trebu\u0161ni slinavki pod nadzorom, lahko zdravniki zdravijo osnovni vzrok pankreatitisa. Mo\u017enosti zdravljenja lahko vklju\u010dujejo:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Endoskopska retrogradna holangiopancreatografija: Postopek, ki uporablja dolgo cev s kamero za pregled trebu\u0161ne slinavke in raz\u0161iritev \u017eol\u010dnih kanalov.<\/li>\n<li>Operacija \u017eol\u010dnika: Kirur\u0161ko odstranjevanje \u017eol\u010dnika (holecistektomija).<\/li>\n<li>Operacija trebu\u0161ne slinavke: Kirur\u0161ko odvajanje teko\u010dine iz trebu\u0161ne slinavke ali odstranitev po\u0161kodovanega tkiva<\/li>\n<li>Program zdravljenja odvisnosti od alkohola<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Dodatne mo\u017enosti zdravljenja kroni\u010dnega pankreatitisa vklju\u010dujejo:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Zdravila za zdravljenje bole\u010dine<\/li>\n<li>Encimi trebu\u0161ne slinavke pomagajo telesu razgraditi in predelati hranila, ki se absorbirajo iz zau\u017eite hrane.<\/li>\n<li>Prehranske spremembe<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"template":"","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.7.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Pankreatitis - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sl\/diseases\/pankreatitis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sl_SI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pankreatitis - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Definicija Pankreatitis je bolezen, pri kateri pride do nenadnega vnetja v trebu\u0161ni slinavki. 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