{"id":62505,"date":"2020-06-03T08:59:54","date_gmt":"2020-06-03T08:59:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/?post_type=disease&#038;p=62505"},"modified":"2020-11-03T13:25:27","modified_gmt":"2020-11-03T13:25:27","slug":"nevroblastom","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sl\/diseases\/nevroblastom\/","title":{"rendered":"Nevroblastom"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Nevroblastom je rak, ki se razvije iz nezrelih \u017eiv\u010dnih celic, ki jih najdemo na ve\u010d predelih telesa. Nevroblastom se najpogosteje pojavi v nadledvi\u010dnih \u017elezah in okoli njih. Lahko pa se razvije tudi na predelih trebuha, prsnega ko\u0161a, vratu in v bli\u017eini hrbtenice blizu skupin \u017eiv\u010dnih celic.<\/p>\n<p>Nevroblastoma ve\u010dinoma prizadene otroke, starej\u0161e od 5 let, vendar se pri starej\u0161ih otrocih obi\u010dajno redko pojavlja.<\/p>\n<p>Nekatere oblike nevroblastoma se lahko odpravijo same, druge pa lahko zahtevajo ve\u010dkratno zdravljenje.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Simptomi<\/h2>\n<p>Simptomi nevroblastoma se razlikujejo glede na del telesa, ki je prizadet.<\/p>\n<p>Simptomi nevroblastoma v trebuhu:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Bole\u010dine v trebuhu<\/li>\n<li>Masa pod ko\u017eo, ki ni mehka<\/li>\n<li>Spremembe delovanja \u010drevesja, kot je driska<\/li>\n<li>Otekanje v nogah<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Simptomi nevroblastoma v prsih:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Piskanje<\/li>\n<li>Bole\u010dina v prsnem ko\u0161u<\/li>\n<li>Velike veke ali neenakomerna velikost zenice<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Drugi simptomi, ki ka\u017eejo na nevroblastom:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Grudice tkiva pod ko\u017eo<\/li>\n<li>Izbuljene o\u010di, za katere se zdi, da \u0161trlijo ven (proptosis)<\/li>\n<li>Temni krogi okoli o\u010di<\/li>\n<li>Bole\u010dine v hrbtu<\/li>\n<li>Vro\u010dina<\/li>\n<li>Nenamerno huj\u0161anje<\/li>\n<li>Bole\u010dine v kosteh<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Vzroki<\/h2>\n<p>Nevroblastom se za\u010dne v nevroblastih, ki so nezrele \u017eiv\u010dne celice, ki jih plod proizvaja v okviru svojega razvojnega procesa.<\/p>\n<p>S\u010dasoma se nevroblasti spremenijo v \u017eiv\u010dne celice in vlakna ter v celice, ki sestavljajo nadledvi\u010dne \u017eleze. V ve\u010dini primerov nevroblasti dozorijo ali izginejo; vendar v nekaterih primerih nevroblasti tvorijo tumor &#8211; nevroblastom.<\/p>\n<p>Vzrok za za\u010detno gensko mutacijo, ki pelje v nevroblastom, ni jasen.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Dejavniki tveganja<\/h2>\n<p>Otroci z dru\u017einsko anamnezo nevroblastoma so morda bolj nagnjeni k razvoju bolezni, \u010deprav se dru\u017einski nevroblastom diagnosticira v majhnem \u0161tevilu primerov. Natan\u010den vzrok nevroblastoma v ve\u010dini primerov ni dolo\u010den.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Zapleti<\/h2>\n<p>Zapleti nevroblastoma lahko vklju\u010dujejo:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0160irjenje raka (metastaze): Nevroblastoma se lahko raz\u0161iri na bezgavke, kostni mozeg, jetra, ko\u017eo in kosti.<\/li>\n<li>Stiskanje hrbtenja\u010de: Veliki tumorji lahko pritisnejo na hrbtenja\u010do, kar povzro\u010da bole\u010dino in ohromelost.<\/li>\n<li>Simptomi, ki jih povzro\u010dajo izlo\u010dki tumorja: Nevroblastomi lahko izlo\u010dajo nekatere kemikalije, ki dra\u017eijo drugo normalno tkivo, kar povzro\u010da simptome, ki jih imenujemo paraneoplasti\u010dni sindromi, kot so hitri premiki o\u010di in te\u017eave pri koordinaciji, pa tudi otekanje trebuha in driska.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"template":"","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.7.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Nevroblastom - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sl\/diseases\/nevroblastom\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sl_SI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nevroblastom - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Nevroblastom je rak, ki se razvije iz nezrelih \u017eiv\u010dnih celic, ki jih najdemo na ve\u010d predelih telesa. Nevroblastom se najpogosteje pojavi v nadledvi\u010dnih \u017elezah in okoli njih. Lahko pa se razvije tudi na predelih trebuha, prsnega ko\u0161a, vratu in v bli\u017eini hrbtenice blizu skupin \u017eiv\u010dnih celic. 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Nevroblastom se najpogosteje pojavi v nadledvi\u010dnih \u017elezah in okoli njih. Lahko pa se razvije tudi na predelih trebuha, prsnega ko\u0161a, vratu in v bli\u017eini hrbtenice blizu skupin \u017eiv\u010dnih celic. 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