{"id":62349,"date":"2020-06-01T13:05:24","date_gmt":"2020-06-01T13:05:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/?post_type=disease&#038;p=62349"},"modified":"2020-11-03T15:17:31","modified_gmt":"2020-11-03T15:17:31","slug":"vnetje-crevesja","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sl\/diseases\/vnetje-crevesja\/","title":{"rendered":"Vnetje \u010drevesja"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Vnetna \u010drevesna bolezen (V\u010cB) vklju\u010duje kroni\u010dno vnetje celotnega \u010drevesnega dela prebavnega trakta. V\u010cB vklju\u010duje predvsem kolitis in Crohnovo bolezen. V\u010cB je lahko iz\u010drpavajo\u010da in v\u010dasih vodi do \u017eivljenjsko nevarnih zapletov.<\/p>\n<p>Ulcerozni kolitis je V\u010cB, ki povzro\u010da dolgotrajna vnetja in \u010drevesne razjede v najbolj notranji sluznici debelega \u010drevesa (debelega \u010drevesa) in danke.<\/p>\n<p>Crohnova bolezen je V\u010cB, ki povzro\u010da vnetje sluznice prebavnega trakta. Vnetje se pogosto \u0161iri globoko v prizadeta tkiva in lahko vklju\u010duje razli\u010dna obmo\u010dja prebavnega trakta, kot sta debelo in tanko \u010drevo.<\/p>\n<p>Kolageni kolitis in limfocitni kolitis sta tudi V\u010cB, vendar veljata za lo\u010dena od klasi\u010dnih V\u010cB.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Simptomi<\/h2>\n<p>Pogosti simptomi ulceroznega kolitisa in Crohnove bolezni vklju\u010dujejo:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Driska<\/li>\n<li>Vro\u010dina in utrujenost<\/li>\n<li>Bole\u010dine v trebuhu in kr\u010di<\/li>\n<li>Kri v blatu<\/li>\n<li>Zmanj\u0161an apetit<\/li>\n<li>Nenamerno huj\u0161anje<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Vrste ulceroznega kolitisa glede na mesto vnetja in resnost simptomov:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ulcerozni proktitis: omejen na obmo\u010dje, ki je najbli\u017eje anusu in danki, rektalna krvavitev je edini simptom.<\/li>\n<li>Proktosigmoiditis: vnetje rektuma in sigmoidnega \u010drevesa (spodnji konec debelega \u010drevesa) s simptomi, kot so krvava driska, trebu\u0161ni kr\u010di in bole\u010dina ter nezmo\u017enost gibanja \u010drevesja.<\/li>\n<li>Levostranski kolitis: vnetje sega od rektuma navzgor preko sigmoidne in padajo\u010de debelega \u010drevesa. Simptomi vklju\u010dujejo krvavo drisko, bole\u010dine v trebuhu in kr\u010de na levi strani ter nenamerno huj\u0161anje.<\/li>\n<li>Pancolitis: vnetje, ki prizadene celotno debelo \u010drevo in povzro\u010di hudo krvavo drisko, trebu\u0161ne bole\u010dine in kr\u010de, utrujenost in znatno huj\u0161anje.<\/li>\n<li>Akutni hud ulcerozni kolitis: vnetje, ki prizadene celotno debelo \u010drevo in povzro\u010di mo\u010dne bole\u010dine, obilno drisko, krvavitev, vro\u010dino in nezmo\u017enost jesti.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Crohnova bolezen vklju\u010duje vnetje, ki najpogosteje prizadene zadnji del tankega \u010drevesa in \u010drevesa. Vnetje lahko povzro\u010di zo\u017eenje \u010drevesne stene ali tunela skozi \u010drevesno steno.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Vzroki<\/h2>\n<p>Natan\u010den vzrok vnetne \u010drevesne bolezni ni jasen. Vendar je mo\u017een vzrok okvara imunskega sistema. Nenormalen imunski odziv lahko povzro\u010di napad imunskega sistema na celice v prebavnem traktu. Nekateri primeri V\u010cB so povezani z dru\u017einsko anamnezo bolezni.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Dejavniki tveganja<\/h2>\n<p>Dejavniki tveganja za vnetno \u010drevesno bolezen vklju\u010dujejo:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Starost (ve\u010dina primerov V\u010cB se diagnosticira pred 30. letom starosti)<\/li>\n<li>Med belci je bolj raz\u0161irjena<\/li>\n<li>Dru\u017einska zgodovina tega obolenja<\/li>\n<li>Kajenje<\/li>\n<li>Uporaba izotretinoina (zdravilo za zdravljenje brazgotinskih cisti\u010dnih aken ali aken)<\/li>\n<li>Nesteroidna protivnetna zdravila<\/li>\n<li>Okoljski dejavniki (\u017eivljenje v severnem podnebju, urbanem obmo\u010dju ali v industrializirani dr\u017eavi, pa tudi prehrana z veliko ma\u0161\u010dob ali rafinirane hrane)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Zapleti<\/h2>\n<p>Crohnova bolezen lahko povzro\u010di naslednje zaplete:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Vnetje<\/li>\n<li>Obstrukcija \u010drevesja<\/li>\n<li>Razjede v prebavnem traktu<\/li>\n<li>Fistule<\/li>\n<li>Analna fisura<\/li>\n<li>Podhranjenost<\/li>\n<li>Rak debelega \u010drevesa<\/li>\n<li>Druge zdravstvene te\u017eave, kot so vnetje o\u010di, ko\u017ee ali sklepov; anemija; osteoporoza, vnetje jeter ali \u017eol\u010dnih poti in zapoznela rast ali spolni razvoj pri otrocih.<\/li>\n<li>Nekatera zdravila za Crohnovo bolezen, na primer kortikosteroidi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ulcerozni kolitis lahko povzro\u010di naslednje zaplete:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mo\u010dna krvavitev<\/li>\n<li>Luknja v debelem \u010drevesu (perforirano debelo \u010drevo)<\/li>\n<li>Huda dehidracija<\/li>\n<li>Bolezen jeter (redka)<\/li>\n<li>Izguba kosti (osteoporoza)<\/li>\n<li>Vnetje ko\u017ee, o\u010di in sklepov<\/li>\n<li>Bole\u010dine v sluznici ust<\/li>\n<li>Pove\u010dano tveganje za raka debelega \u010drevesa<\/li>\n<li>Hitro nabrekne debelo \u010drevo (strupeno megakolon)<\/li>\n<li>Pove\u010dano tveganje za nastanek krvnih strdkov v venah in arterijah<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"template":"","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.7.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Vnetje \u010drevesja - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sl\/diseases\/vnetje-crevesja\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sl_SI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Vnetje \u010drevesja - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Vnetna \u010drevesna bolezen (V\u010cB) vklju\u010duje kroni\u010dno vnetje celotnega \u010drevesnega dela prebavnega trakta. V\u010cB vklju\u010duje predvsem kolitis in Crohnovo bolezen. V\u010cB je lahko iz\u010drpavajo\u010da in v\u010dasih vodi do \u017eivljenjsko nevarnih zapletov. Ulcerozni kolitis je V\u010cB, ki povzro\u010da dolgotrajna vnetja in \u010drevesne razjede v najbolj notranji sluznici debelega \u010drevesa (debelega \u010drevesa) in danke. 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V\u010cB vklju\u010duje predvsem kolitis in Crohnovo bolezen. V\u010cB je lahko iz\u010drpavajo\u010da in v\u010dasih vodi do \u017eivljenjsko nevarnih zapletov. Ulcerozni kolitis je V\u010cB, ki povzro\u010da dolgotrajna vnetja in \u010drevesne razjede v najbolj notranji sluznici debelega \u010drevesa (debelega \u010drevesa) in danke. 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