{"id":61899,"date":"2020-05-21T11:52:37","date_gmt":"2020-05-21T11:52:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/?post_type=disease&#038;p=61899"},"modified":"2020-11-04T15:34:22","modified_gmt":"2020-11-04T15:34:22","slug":"refluks-zolcevoda","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sl\/diseases\/refluks-zolcevoda\/","title":{"rendered":"Refluks \u017eol\u010devoda"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Refluks \u017eol\u010devoda se zgodi, ko se prebavna teko\u010dina, ki nastane v jetrih, imenovana \u017eol\u010dni refluks, vrne v \u017eelodec in po\u017eiralnik.<\/p>\n<p>\u017dol\u010d je zelenkasto rumena teko\u010dina, ki je bistvena za prebavo ma\u0161\u010dob in odstranjevanje starih rde\u010dih krvnih celic in dolo\u010denih strupov iz telesa.\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u017dol\u010d se proizvaja v jetrih in shranjuje v \u017eol\u010dniku.<\/p>\n<p>Ko se ma\u0161\u010doba v telesu zau\u017eije kot hrana, signalizira \u017eol\u010dniku, naj skozi dve cevi (cisti\u010dni in obi\u010dajni \u017eol\u010dni kanal) sprosti \u017eol\u010d v zgornji del tankega \u010drevesa (dvanajstnik).<\/p>\n<p>Do refluksa \u017eol\u010devoda lahko pride v kombinaciji s kislinskim refluksom, kar je lahko posledica slabe reakcije telesa na zdravila, ki zavirajo kislino. Morda je te\u017eko razlikovati med refluksom \u017eol\u010da in refluksom kisline zaradi podobnosti simptomov. Medtem ko lahko refluks kisline obvladujemo s spremembami prehrane, zdravljenje refluksa \u017eol\u010da vklju\u010duje zdravila ali v hudih primerih operativni poseg.<\/p>\n<h2>Simptomi<\/h2>\n<p>Simptomi refluksa \u017eol\u010da vklju\u010dujejo:<\/p>\n<p>Bole\u010dine v zgornjem delu trebuha, ki lahko postanejo hude<\/p>\n<p>Pogosta zgaga<\/p>\n<p>Slabost<\/p>\n<p>uhanje zelenkasto rumene teko\u010dine (\u017eol\u010da)<\/p>\n<p>Nenamerno huj\u0161anje<\/p>\n<p>Ka\u0161elj ali hripavost ob prilo\u017enosti<\/p>\n<h2>Vzroki<\/h2>\n<p>Bile refluks v \u017eelodec<\/p>\n<p>V dvanajstniku se zme\u0161ata \u017eol\u010da in hrana, nato pa skozi pilori\u010dni ventil (mi\u0161i\u010dni obro\u010d, ki se nahaja na izhodu \u017eelodca) vstopita v tanko \u010drevo. Pilori\u010dni ventil se rahlo odpre, da sprosti dovolj uteko\u010dinjene hrane, vendar premalo, da bi prebavni sokovi refluksirali v \u017eelodec.<\/p>\n<p>\u017dol\u010dni refluks pogosto povzro\u010di, da pilori\u010dna zaklopka ne deluje pravilno in \u017eol\u010d refluksira nazaj v \u017eelodec.<\/p>\n<p>\u017dol\u010dni refluks v po\u017eiralnik<\/p>\n<p>\u017dol\u010d in \u017eelod\u010dna kislina se v\u010dasih refluksirata v po\u017eiralnik zaradi okvare spodnjega ezofagealnega sfinkternega ventila. Ventil sfinktra lo\u010di po\u017eiralnik od \u017eelodca in se odpre, da prenese dovolj hrane v \u017eelodec.\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u017dol\u010d se lahko refluksira v po\u017eiralnik, \u010de je ventil sfinkterja po\u017eiralnika \u0161ibek ali se sprosti nenormalno.<\/p>\n<p>Drugi vzroki refluksa \u017eol\u010da vklju\u010dujejo:<\/p>\n<p>Zapleti pri operaciji: \u017delod\u010dne operacije, kot sta gastrektomija (odstranitev \u017eelodca) in operacija \u017eelod\u010dnega obvoda, lahko pogosto povzro\u010di refluks \u017eol\u010da. Gastri\u010dna operacija, kot sta gastrektomija (odstranitev \u017eelodca) in \u017eelod\u010dni bypass, lahko pogosto povzro\u010dijo refluks \u017eol\u010da.<\/p>\n<p>Pepti\u010dne razjede: Pepti\u010dne razjede lahko blokirajo pilori\u010dni ventil, ki ovira njegovo odpiranje, tako da se \u017eelodec ne izprazni pravilno.\u00a0 Zamaknjena hrana v \u017eelodcu pove\u010da \u017eelod\u010dni tlak, zaradi \u010desar se \u017eol\u010d in \u017eelod\u010dna kislina refluksirata v po\u017eiralnik.<\/p>\n<p>Operacija \u017eol\u010dnika (holecistektomija): Holecistektomija znatno pove\u010da refluks \u017eol\u010da.<\/p>\n<h2>Zapleti<\/h2>\n<p>\u017dol\u010dni refluks v kombinaciji s kislinskim refluksom lahko povzro\u010di zaplete, kot so:<\/p>\n<p>GERD: Pogosta zgaga je pogost simptom GERD. GERD lahko postane resno stanje, ki povzro\u010da dra\u017eenje in vnetje po\u017eiralnega tkiva zaradi odve\u010dne kisline.<\/p>\n<p>Barrettov po\u017eiralnik: Barrettov po\u017eiralnik se lahko pojavi zaradi dolgotrajne izpostavljenosti spodnjega po\u017eiralnika \u017eelod\u010dni kislini in \u017eol\u010du. Kislina in \u017eol\u010d po\u0161kodujejo tkivo po\u017eiralnika, kar pove\u010da tveganje za nastanek raka po\u017eiralnika.<\/p>\n<p>Rak po\u017eiralnika: Nekateri strokovnjaki menijo, da je rak po\u017eiralnika lahko posledica kisline ali \u017eol\u010dnega refluksa.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"template":"","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.7.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Refluks \u017eol\u010devoda - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sl\/diseases\/refluks-zolcevoda\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sl_SI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Refluks \u017eol\u010devoda - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Refluks \u017eol\u010devoda se zgodi, ko se prebavna teko\u010dina, ki nastane v jetrih, imenovana \u017eol\u010dni refluks, vrne v \u017eelodec in po\u017eiralnik. \u017dol\u010d je zelenkasto rumena teko\u010dina, ki je bistvena za prebavo ma\u0161\u010dob in odstranjevanje starih rde\u010dih krvnih celic in dolo\u010denih strupov iz telesa.\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u017dol\u010d se proizvaja v jetrih in shranjuje v \u017eol\u010dniku. 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