{"id":61879,"date":"2020-05-21T10:08:28","date_gmt":"2020-05-21T10:08:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/?post_type=disease&p=61879"},"modified":"2020-11-04T15:35:07","modified_gmt":"2020-11-04T15:35:07","slug":"avaskularna-nekroza","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sl\/diseases\/avaskularna-nekroza\/","title":{"rendered":"Avaskularna nekroza"},"content":{"rendered":"

Avaskularna nekroza (osteonekroza) je ko kostno tkivo odmre zaradi pomanjkanja oskrbe s krvjo.\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 To lahko privede do drobnih zlomov kosti in morebitnega zloma kosti.<\/p>\n

\u010ce je kost zlomljena ali sklep dislociran, se lahko prekine dotok krvi v del kosti, s \u010dimer se kosti ne nahrani. Avaskularna nekroza je povezana tudi z dolgotrajno uporabo steroidnih zdravil z visokim odmerkom in prekomernim vnosom alkohola.<\/p>\n

Avaskularna nekroza lahko prizadene vsakogar. Vendar se najpogosteje pojavlja pri ljudeh, starih od 30 do 60 let. Glede na to razmeroma mlado starost lahko ima avaskularna nekroza velike dolgoro\u010dne posledice.<\/p>\n

Simptomi<\/h2>\n

Mnogi ljudje nimajo simptomov v zgodnjih fazah avaskularne nekroze. Ko se stanje poslab\u0161a, lahko prizadeti sklep boli le, \u010de ima te\u017eo. Sklepi lahko bolijo tudi pri le\u017eanju<\/p>\n

Lahko pride do blage ali hude bole\u010dine in se obi\u010dajno razvija postopoma. Bole\u010dina, povezana z avaskularno nekrozo kolka, je lahko usmerjena v dimljah, stegnu ali zadnjici. Poleg kolka so podro\u010dja, ki bodo verjetno prizadeta, rama, koleno, roka in stopalo. Nekateri razvijejo avaskularno nekrozo v obeh bokih ali v obeh kolenih.<\/p>\n

Vzroki<\/h2>\n

Avaskularna nekroza se pojavi, ko je pretok krvi v kost prekinjen ali zmanj\u0161an. Zmanj\u0161ano oskrbo s krvjo lahko povzro\u010dijo:<\/p>\n

Po\u0161kodba sklepov ali kosti,<\/p>\n

Ma\u0161\u010dobne obloge v \u017eilah,<\/p>\n

Nekatere bolezni,<\/p>\n

Toda za nekatere ljudi z avaskularno nekrozo vzrok motenega pretoka krvi ni znan.<\/p>\n

Dejavniki tveganja<\/p>\n

Dejavniki tveganja za nastanek avaskularne nekroze vklju\u010dujejo:<\/p>\n

Travma,<\/p>\n

Uporaba steroidov,<\/p>\n

Prekomerna uporaba alkohola,<\/p>\n

Uporaba bisfosfonata,<\/p>\n

Dolo\u010deni medicinski postopki.<\/p>\n

Medicinska stanja, povezana z avaskularno nekrozo, vklju\u010dujejo:<\/p>\n

Pankreatitis,<\/p>\n

Diabetes,<\/p>\n

Gaucherjeva bolezen,<\/p>\n

HIV\/AIDS,<\/p>\n

Sistemski eritematozni lupus,<\/p>\n

Anemija srpastih celic.<\/p>\n

Zapleti<\/h2>\n

\u010ce je ne zdravimo, se avaskularna nekroza s \u010dasom poslab\u0161a. S\u010dasoma lahko kost postane tako oslabljena, da se sesede in zlomi. Avaskularna nekroza povzro\u010di tudi, da kost izgubi gladko obliko, kar lahko vodi do hudega artritisa.<\/p>\n

Prepre\u010devanje<\/h2>\n

Da bi zmanj\u0161ali tveganje za avaskularno nekrozo in izbolj\u0161ali splo\u0161no zdravje, mora oseba:<\/p>\n

Omejiti vnos alkohola. Prekomerno pitje je eden izmed glavnih dejavnikov tveganja za nastanek avaskularne nekroze.<\/p>\n

Naj bo raven holesterola nizka. Drobni ko\u0161\u010dki ma\u0161\u010dobe so najpogostej\u0161a snov, ki prepre\u010duje dotok krvi v kosti.<\/p>\n

Spremljajte uporabo steroidov. Obvestite zdravnika o morebitni pretekli ali sedanji uporabi steroidov z visokim odmerkom. Ugotavlja se, da se s ponavljajo\u010dimi se odmerki steroidov z visokim odmerkom poslab\u0161a kost.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"template":"","yoast_head":"\nAvaskularna nekroza - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/sl\/diseases\/avaskularna-nekroza\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sl_SI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Avaskularna nekroza - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Avaskularna nekroza (osteonekroza) je ko kostno tkivo odmre zaradi pomanjkanja oskrbe s krvjo.\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 To lahko privede do drobnih zlomov kosti in morebitnega zloma kosti. \u010ce je kost zlomljena ali sklep dislociran, se lahko prekine dotok krvi v del kosti, s \u010dimer se kosti ne nahrani. 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