{"id":50547,"date":"2018-05-16T13:44:26","date_gmt":"2018-05-16T13:44:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/?post_type=wiki&p=50547"},"modified":"2018-05-16T13:44:51","modified_gmt":"2018-05-16T13:44:51","slug":"hipotermia","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/ro\/wiki\/prim-ajutor\/hipotermia\/","title":{"rendered":"Hipotermia"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hipotermia este o afec\u021biune \u00een care organismul \u00ee\u0219i pierde c\u0103ldura mai repede dec\u00e2t aceasta poate fi produs\u0103. Ea apare la o temperatur\u0103 sub 35\u00b0 C, ca urmare a expunerii prelungite la temperaturi extrem de sc\u0103zute. Cele mai frecvente cauze ale hipotermiei sunt expunerea la condi\u021bii de vreme rece (\u00een aer liber sau ]n casele slab \u00eenc\u0103lzite) sau de ap\u0103 rece. Este o stare care apare treptat, considerat\u0103 sever\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd temperatura corpului scade sub 30\u00b0 C.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00cen caz de hipotermie, este important s\u0103 ac\u021biona\u021bi rapid \u0219i s\u0103 solicita\u021bi asisten\u021b\u0103 medical\u0103. Dac\u0103 nu face\u021bi acest lucru, se poate ajunge la insuficien\u021b\u0103 cardiac\u0103 \u0219i respiratorie total\u0103 \u0219i la deces. Dac\u0103 persoana \u00een hipotermie este incon\u0219tient\u0103, trebuie administrate imediat m\u0103suri de prim ajutor p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd se simte pulsul. \u00cen cazurile de hipotermie avansat\u0103, tratamentul spitalicesc este necesar pentru a re\u00eenc\u0103lzi pacientul la temperatura corporal\u0103 normal\u0103. Acest lucru se face, de obicei, prin lichide \u00eenc\u0103lzite administrate intravenos, oxigen \u00eenc\u0103lzit \u0219i umidificat \u0219i alte m\u0103suri.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Care sunt simptomele asociate cu hipotermia?<\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ini\u021bial, simptomele hipotermiei se prezint\u0103 ca piele rece, paloare, frisoane, oboseal\u0103, tremur\u0103turi, b\u0103t\u0103i rapide ale inimii \u0219i respira\u021bie rapid\u0103. C\u00e2nd hipotermia atinge un stadiu mai avansat, pot ap\u0103rea transpira\u021bii, precum \u0219i decolorarea pielii, furnic\u0103turi, dureri articulare, rigiditate muscular\u0103,<\/p>\n

bradicardie, confuzie \u0219i somnolen\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Dac\u0103 temperatura corpului scade sub 30\u00b0 C, victima va c\u0103dea \u00eentr-o stare de incon\u0219tien\u021b\u0103, ceea ce va \u00eencetini semnele vitale (respira\u021bie superficial\u0103 sau lipsa ei, puls slab sau lipsa lui, pupile dilatate) \u0219i poate duce la stop cardiac sau chiar la moarte.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ce se recomand\u0103<\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00cen caz de hipotermie, solicitarea de asisten\u021b\u0103 medical\u0103 imediat\u0103 este vital\u0103. P\u00e2n\u0103 la sosirea medicului, trebuie efectuate urm\u0103toarele instruc\u021biuni:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Deplasa\u021bi persoana afectat\u0103 departe de mediul rece, \u00eentr-o loca\u021bie cald\u0103 \u0219i uscat\u0103<\/p>\n

\u00cendep\u0103rta\u021bi hainele ude \u0219i schimba\u021bi-le cu haine uscate<\/p>\n

Acoperi\u021bi persoana cu p\u0103turi, pentru a-i cre\u0219te temperatura corpului<\/p>\n

Aplica\u021bi comprese calde pe g\u00e2tul persoanei, pe piept sau \u00een vintre<\/p>\n

\u00cencuraja\u021bi persoana afectat\u0103 s\u0103 tremure dac\u0103 poate<\/p>\n

Monitoriza\u021bi-i respira\u021bia<\/p>\n

Oferi\u021bi-i b\u0103uturi calde (non-alcoolice) pentru a se \u00eenc\u0103lzi<\/p>\n

Este recomandat s\u0103 se poarte \u00eembr\u0103c\u0103minte adecvat\u0103 \u00een aer liber c\u00e2nd vremea este rece, pentru a evita hipotermia. Datorit\u0103 faptului c\u0103 aceast\u0103 condi\u021bie se dezvolt\u0103 treptat, se poate chiar ca persoana afectat\u0103 s\u0103 nu realizeze c\u0103 are nevoie de ajutor, p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd este prea t\u00e2rziu.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ce nu se recomand\u0103<\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n

Instruc\u021biunile privind ce s\u0103 nu face\u021bi \u00een cazurile care implic\u0103 hipotermia includ urm\u0103toarele:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Nu-i da\u021bi niciodat\u0103 b\u0103uturi alcoolice persoanei afectate<\/p>\n

Evita\u021bi expunerea ei la schimb\u0103ri de temperatur\u0103 bru\u0219te<\/p>\n

Evita\u021bi frecarea m\u00e2inilor \u0219i picioarelor<\/p>\n

Evita\u021bi utilizarea apei extrem de fierbin\u021bi pentru a \u00eenc\u0103lzi persoana hipotermic\u0103<\/p>\n

Este extrem de important s\u0103 se evite aplicarea c\u0103ldurii directe, prin intermediul apei calde sau a saltelelor de \u00eenc\u0103lzire. C\u0103ldura extrem\u0103 poate provoca leziuni ale pielii, prin deschiderea prea rapid\u0103 a vaselor de s\u00e2nge \u00een bra\u021be \u0219i picioare \u0219i for\u021barea s\u00e2ngelui rece spre inim\u0103. Aceasta, la r\u00e2ndul s\u0103u, poate duce la b\u0103t\u0103i neregulate ale inimii, la sc\u0103derea tensiunii arteriale la organele vitale, la stop cardiac sau chiar la deces.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Declinarea responsabilit\u0103\u021bii: Informa\u021biile din acest articol nu \u00eenlocuiesc \u00een niciun fel interven\u021bia sau semnele asociate cu acest tip de urgen\u021b\u0103, ci doar ofer\u0103 sfaturi simple, despre cum s\u0103 se men\u021bin\u0103 situa\u021bia sub control \u00een a\u0219teptarea unei echipe medicale de salvare.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"template":"","wiki-categories":[1694],"wiki-types":[],"yoast_head":"\nHipotermia - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/ro\/wiki\/prim-ajutor\/hipotermia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hipotermia - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hipotermia este o afec\u021biune \u00een care organismul \u00ee\u0219i pierde c\u0103ldura mai repede dec\u00e2t aceasta poate fi produs\u0103. 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