{"id":36159,"date":"2017-05-25T12:13:26","date_gmt":"2017-05-25T12:13:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitas.local\/diseases\/hipertensiunea-arteriala-secundara\/"},"modified":"2017-05-25T12:13:26","modified_gmt":"2017-05-25T12:13:26","slug":"hipertensiunea-arteriala-secundara","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/ro\/diseases\/hipertensiunea-arteriala-secundara\/","title":{"rendered":"Hipertensiunea arterial\u0103 secundar\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"

Defini\u021bie<\/h2>\n

Hipertensiunea arterial\u0103 secundar\u0103 este reprezentat\u0103 de tensiune arterial\u0103 ridicat\u0103, care apare ca rezultat al unei alte afec\u021biuni medicale. Hipertensiunea arterial\u0103 esen\u021bial\u0103, cunoscut\u0103 \u0219i sub numele de hipertensiune primar\u0103, nu are nicio cauz\u0103 cunoscut\u0103 \u0219i se crede c\u0103 poate avea o cauz\u0103 genetic\u0103 sau c\u0103 este determinat\u0103 de lipsa activit\u0103\u021bii fizice, obezitate \u0219i diet\u0103 inadecvat\u0103.
\nHipertensiunea arterial\u0103 secundar\u0103 poate fi cauzat\u0103 de afec\u021biuni ale rinichilor, arterelor, inimii sau ale sistemului endocrin. De asemenea, poate s\u0103 apar\u0103 \u0219i în timpul sarcinii.
\nTratamentul adecvat al hipertensiunii arteriale secundare implic\u0103 în mod obi\u0219nuit minitorizarea tensiunii arteriale \u0219i a st\u0103rii de baz\u0103 care o determin\u0103 pentru a reduce riscul complica\u021biilor grave, inclusiv boala cardiac\u0103, insuficien\u021ba renal\u0103 \u0219i accidentul vascular cerebral.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptome<\/h2>\n

Hipertensiunea aterial\u0103 secundar\u0103 nu se manifest\u0103, de obicei, prin semne sau simptome specifice, chiar dac\u0103 tensiunea arterial\u0103 a atins un nivel extrem de ridicat. Câteva semne care pot determina dac\u0103 starea este hipertensiunea secundar\u0103 includ:
\nTensiunea arterial\u0103 care nu r\u0103spunde la medica\u021bia specific\u0103 pentru tensiunea arterial\u0103
\nMedica\u021bie anterioar\u0103 pentru tensiunea arterial\u0103 care nu se mai dovede\u0219te eficient\u0103
\nTensiunea arterial\u0103 extrem de ridicat\u0103 (160mmHg \/ 100mmHg)
\nCre\u0219terea brusc\u0103 a tensiunii arteriale înainte de vârsta de 30 de ani \u0219i dup\u0103 vârsta de 55 de ani
\nNu este necesar un istoric familial de tensiune arterial\u0103 crescut\u0103
\nSupraponderabilitatea nu este un factor de risc<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Cauze<\/h2>\n

Exist\u0103 o serie de afec\u021biuni care pot provoca hipertensiune secundar\u0103. Acestea includ:
\nUtilizarea pilulelor contraceptive
\nUtilizarea anumitor medicamente \u0219i suplimente
\nObezitate
\nSarcin\u0103
\nConsumul excesiv de alcool
\nComplica\u021biile diabetului
\nDisfunc\u021bie tiroidian\u0103
\nBoala glomerular\u0103
\nHipertensiunea renovascular\u0103
\nSindromul Cushing
\nAldosteronismul
\nFeocromocitomul
\nHiperparatiroidismul
\nCoarctarea aortei
\nBoala renal\u0103 cronic\u0103
\nApnee de somn<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Factori de risc<\/h2>\n

Cel mai mare factor de risc în cazul hipertensiunii arteriale secundare este o afec\u021biune care poate provoca tensiune arterial\u0103 ridicat\u0103, afectând func\u021bia rinichilor, arterelor, inimii \u0219i a sistemului endocrin.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Complica\u021bii<\/h2>\n

Dac\u0103 aceste simptome sunt l\u0103sate netratate, complica\u021biile posibile care pot ap\u0103rea includ:
\nSindromul metabolic: Un grup de tulbur\u0103ri ale metabolismului organismului, care pot cre\u0219te riscul de apari\u021bie a diabetului zaharat, a bolilor de inim\u0103 sau a accidentului vascular cerebral.
\nSl\u0103birea \u0219i înfundarea vaselor de sânge
\nÎngro\u0219area arterelor
\nDiminuarea vasele de sânge \u0219i restrângerea lor în rinichi
\nVase de sânge îngustate la nivelul ochilor (pot duce la orbire)
\nProbleme de memorie
\nPutere de concentrarea sc\u0103zut\u0103
\nInsuficienta cardiac\u0103<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tratament<\/h2>\n

Tratamentele hipertensiunii arteriale secundare necesit\u0103 deseori administrarea de medicamente pentru tensiunea arterial\u0103, precum \u0219i modific\u0103ri ale stilului de via\u021b\u0103 pentru a men\u021bine sc\u0103derea tensiunii arteriale. Aceste modific\u0103ri presupun consumul de alimente s\u0103n\u0103toase, men\u021binerea unei greut\u0103\u021bi s\u0103n\u0103toase \u0219i exerci\u021biul fizic regulat.
\nTratarea medicamentoas\u0103 a oric\u0103rei st\u0103ri care afecteaz\u0103 nivelurile ridicate ale tensiunii arteriale este, de asemenea, important\u0103 pentru stabilizarea tensiunii arteriale \u0219i reducerea riscului de apari\u021bie a unor complica\u021bii ulterioare.<\/p>\n

Medica\u021bia poate include:
\nDiureticele tiazidice: Diureticele sunt medicamente care ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 asupra rinichilor pentru a ajuta organismul s\u0103 elimine excesul de sodiu \u0219i ap\u0103, reducând în acela\u0219i timp volumul sângelui. Reac\u021biile adverse posibile pot include urinare frecvent\u0103 \u0219i un risc mai mare de disfunc\u021bie sexual\u0103.
\n 
\nBeta-blocante: beta-blocante sunt medicamente care ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 pentru a deschide vasele de sânge \u0219i pentru a reduce volumul de munc\u0103 al inimii. Reac\u021biile adverse posibile pot include oboseal\u0103, ritm cardiac încetinit, tulbur\u0103ri de somn \u0219i r\u0103ceal\u0103 sim\u021bit\u0103 în mâini \u0219i picioare.
\n 
\nInhibitorii enzimei de conversie a angiotensinei (ACE): Inhibitorii enzimei de conversie a angiotensinei sunt medicamente care ajut\u0103 la relaxarea vaselor de sânge prin blocarea form\u0103rii unei substan\u021be chimice naturale care îngusteaz\u0103 vasele de sânge. Reac\u021biile adverse posibile pot include ame\u021beli \u0219i tuse.
\n 
\nBlocante ale receptorilor angiotensinei II: Blocan\u021bii receptorilor de angiotensin\u0103 II sunt medicamente care ajut\u0103 la relaxarea vaselor de sânge prin blocarea ac\u021biunii unei substan\u021be chimice naturale care îngusteaz\u0103 vasele de sânge.
\n 
\nBlocante ale canalelor de calciu: Blocan\u021bii canalelor de calciu sunt medicamente care ajut\u0103 la relaxarea mu\u0219chilor vaselor de sânge \u0219i la cre\u0219terea cantit\u0103\u021bii de sânge \u0219i oxigen pentru inim\u0103, reducând, de asemenea, volumul de munc\u0103 al inimii. Reac\u021biile adverse posibile pot include reten\u021bie de ap\u0103, ame\u021beli \u0219i constipa\u021bie.
\n 
\nInhibitori direc\u021bi de renin\u0103: Inhibitorii direc\u021bi ai reninei sunt un grup de medicamente farmaceutice utilizate pentru a bloca enzima renin\u0103 de la declan\u0219area procesului care ajut\u0103 la reglarea tensiunii arteriale. Reac\u021biile adverse posibile includ ame\u021beli \u0219i diaree.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"template":"","yoast_head":"\nHipertensiunea arterial\u0103 secundar\u0103 - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/ro\/diseases\/hipertensiunea-arteriala-secundara\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Hipertensiunea arterial\u0103 secundar\u0103 - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Defini\u021bie Hipertensiunea arterial\u0103 secundar\u0103 este reprezentat\u0103 de tensiune arterial\u0103 ridicat\u0103, care apare ca rezultat al unei alte afec\u021biuni medicale. 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