{"id":36006,"date":"2017-05-23T15:09:48","date_gmt":"2017-05-23T15:09:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/humanitas.local\/diseases\/tumorile-neuroendocrine\/"},"modified":"2017-05-23T15:09:48","modified_gmt":"2017-05-23T15:09:48","slug":"tumorile-neuroendocrine","status":"publish","type":"disease","link":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/ro\/diseases\/tumorile-neuroendocrine\/","title":{"rendered":"Tumorile neuroendocrine"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tumorile neuroendocrine (TNE) se dezvolt\u0103 în sistemul neuroendocrin. Acest sistem este format din celule nervoase \u0219i glandulare, care produc hormoni, \u0219i care astfel regularizeaz\u0103 activitatea diferitelor organe din corp. Celulele neuroendocrine se g\u0103sesc în stomac, în pl\u0103mâni \u0219i în intestine.<\/p>\n

Tumorile pot fi benigne (non-maligne) sau canceroase (maligne). Cele mai multe dintre aceste tumori cresc lent, chiar timp de mai mul\u021bi ani, de\u0219i exist\u0103 unele TNE care se pot dezvolta rapid.<\/p>\n

Aceste tumori sunt clasificate \u0219i în func\u021bie de loca\u021bia în care î\u0219i au originea; ca urmare, pot exista: tumori neuroendocrine ale intestinelui sub\u021bire, ale colonului, tumori neuroendocrine gastrice, pancreatice, pulmonare, sau, în cazuri mai rare, ale colecistului, ale canalelor biliare, ale rinichilor, testiculelor, ovarelor sau ale ficatului.<\/p>\n

TNE afecteaz\u0103, de obicei, oamenii cu vârste peste 60 de ani.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simptome<\/h2>\n

Simptomele tumorilor neuroendocrine depind de localizarea tumorii primare. Simptomele de mai jos sunt cele principale, în cazul în care TNE apar în stomac, în intestine sau în pl\u0103mâni. Acestea includ:<\/p>\n

durere abdominal\u0103<\/p>\n

grea\u021b\u0103, v\u0103rs\u0103turi<\/p>\n

infec\u021bii toracice, tuse, dificult\u0103\u021bi de respira\u021bie<\/p>\n

diverse simptome în caz de supraproduc\u021bie a unui hormon<\/p>\n

diaree<\/p>\n

pierdere în greutate<\/p>\n

respira\u021bie \u0219uier\u0103toare<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

TNE în alte p\u0103r\u021bi ale corpului pot prezenta urm\u0103toarele simptome:<\/p>\n

Insulinoame (în pancreas) – nivel ridicat de insulin\u0103, cu simptome precum palpita\u021bii, anxietate, dureri de cap, confuzie, convulsii<\/p>\n

Gastrinoame (în pancreas sau în intestinul sub\u021bire) – nivelul ridicat al gastrinei, un hormon care determin\u0103 produc\u021bia de acid gastric, cu simptome cum ar fi hemoragie gastric\u0103, perforarea peretelui stomacului, diaree, balonare, scaun deschis la culoare \u0219i urât mirositor, etan\u0219eitatea esofagului<\/p>\n

glucagonoame (în pancreas) – supraproduc\u021bie a hormonului glucagon, care regleaz\u0103 nivelul glucozei în sânge; cu simptome cum ar fi anemia, glicemia ridicat\u0103, formarea de cheaguri de sânge, sc\u0103dere în greutate<\/p>\n

VIPom (în pancreas) – supraproduc\u021bia de peptide intestinale vasoactive, cu simptome precum sl\u0103biciune, oboseal\u0103, diaree apoas\u0103, nivel sc\u0103zut de potasiu, grea\u021b\u0103, v\u0103rs\u0103turi<\/p>\n

Somatostatinom (în pancreas sau în intestinul sub\u021bire; tip foarte rar) – supraproduc\u021bia de somatostatin, cu simptome cum ar fi scaun urât mirositor, anemie, diaree, pierdere în greutate, diabet<\/p>\n

Exist\u0103 \u0219i tumori care nu cauzeaz\u0103 niciun simptom, \u0219i care sunt cunoscute sub numele de tumori non-func\u021bionale.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Cauze<\/h2>\n

Cauza tumorilor neuroendocrine nu este cunoscut\u0103. Cu toate acestea, anumite condi\u021bii sunt asociate cu TNE. Acestea sunt:<\/p>\n

neoplazie endocrin\u0103 multipl\u0103 – tumori care se dezvolta cel mai frecvent la nivelul glandelor paratiroide, al glandei pituitare \u0219i al pancreasului<\/p>\n

Sindromul Von Hippel-Lindau – cre\u0219terea anormal\u0103 a vaselor de sânge<\/p>\n

Neurofibromatoza de tip 1 – condi\u021bie genetic\u0103 în care tumorile cresc de-a lungul nervilor<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Factori de risc<\/h2>\n

Riscurile de a dezvolta tumori neuroendocrine implic\u0103 urm\u0103torii factori:<\/p>\n

Vârsta – se dezvolt\u0103, de obicei, dup\u0103 vârsta de 60-70 de ani<\/p>\n

Sex – mai frecvente la b\u0103rba\u021bi<\/p>\n

Cauze ereditare<\/p>\n

Sistemul imunitar deficitar din cauza virusului HIV sau a unui transplant de organe<\/p>\n

Expunerea la arsenic \u0219i la soare<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"template":"","yoast_head":"\nTumorile neuroendocrine - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/ro\/diseases\/tumorile-neuroendocrine\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tumorile neuroendocrine - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Tumorile neuroendocrine (TNE) se dezvolt\u0103 în sistemul neuroendocrin. Acest sistem este format din celule nervoase \u0219i glandulare, care produc hormoni, \u0219i care astfel regularizeaz\u0103 activitatea diferitelor organe din corp. Celulele neuroendocrine se g\u0103sesc în stomac, în pl\u0103mâni \u0219i în intestine. 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