{"id":55339,"date":"2019-01-14T08:30:25","date_gmt":"2019-01-14T08:30:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/?post_type=wiki&p=55339"},"modified":"2019-01-14T08:30:25","modified_gmt":"2019-01-14T08:30:25","slug":"vitamine-a","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/fr\/wiki\/vitamine\/vitamine-a\/","title":{"rendered":"Vitamine A"},"content":{"rendered":"

Qu’est-ce que la vitamine A ?<\/h2>\n

La vitamine A, ou r\u00e9tinol, fait partie des compos\u00e9s liposolubles, qui sont stock\u00e9s dans le foie et lib\u00e9r\u00e9s en petites doses si n\u00e9cessaire. Par cons\u00e9quent, il n’est pas n\u00e9cessaire de les prendre r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement, par exemple dans les aliments.<\/p>\n

Il existe au moins 1 500 types diff\u00e9rents de vitamine A, tels que les r\u00e9tino\u00efdes, appel\u00e9s r\u00e9tinol, r\u00e9tine, acide r\u00e9tino\u00efque et compos\u00e9s apparent\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Quel est le r\u00f4le de la vitamine A ?<\/h2>\n

La vitamine A ou r\u00e9tinol est d’une importance fondamentale en raison de ses pr\u00e9curseurs, les carot\u00e9no\u00efdes. Les carot\u00e9no\u00efdes font partie des composants de la rhodopsine, une substance de la r\u00e9tine qui prot\u00e8ge les yeux de la sensibilit\u00e9 \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re.<\/p>\n

La vitamine A est \u00e9galement utile pour la solidit\u00e9 et le d\u00e9veloppement des os (croissance des dents) et se distingue par sa capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 fournir une r\u00e9ponse immunitaire dans le corps. Des d\u00e9couvertes scientifiques r\u00e9centes ont montr\u00e9 que la vitamine A poss\u00e8de \u00e9galement une capacit\u00e9 de protection antitumorale.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Quels sont les aliments riches en vitamine A ?<\/h2>\n

La vitamine A ou r\u00e9tinol est principalement pr\u00e9sente dans les aliments d’origine animale tels que le foie, les produits laitiers (lait, beurre et fromage) et les \u0153ufs.<\/p>\n

Elle est \u00e9galement pr\u00e9sente dans les fruits et l\u00e9gumes tels que les abricots, les carottes, la past\u00e8que, les baies et les tomates (pigment rouge, jaune et orange).<\/p>\n

La vitamine A est sensible \u00e0 la chaleur et sa qualit\u00e9 peut \u00eatre perdue pendant la cuisson, c’est pourquoi elle doit \u00eatre consomm\u00e9e crue ou apr\u00e8s une courte p\u00e9riode de cuisson.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Quels sont les besoins quotidiens en vitamine A ?<\/h2>\n

Les besoins quotidiens en vitamine A ou en r\u00e9tinol sont d’environ 0,6 \u00e0 0,7 mg (peut augmenter jusqu’\u00e0 0,95 mg pendant la lactation).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Carence en vitamine A<\/h2>\n

Une carence en vitamine A ou en r\u00e9tinol peut causer une d\u00e9ficience visuelle et, avec le temps, peut entra\u00eener la c\u00e9cit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, une carence en vitamine A peut retarder la croissance et le d\u00e9veloppement et peut entra\u00eener une forte sensibilit\u00e9 aux infections. Chez les femmes enceintes, elle peut entra\u00eener des malformations f\u0153tales.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Apport excessif en vitamine A<\/h2>\n

Des niveaux \u00e9lev\u00e9s de stockage de vitamine A peuvent s’accumuler dans le foie et cr\u00e9er des probl\u00e8mes d’hypervitamnose, ce qui peut entra\u00eener des dommages suppl\u00e9mentaires au foie et \u00e0 la rate.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"template":"","wiki-categories":[2225],"wiki-types":[],"yoast_head":"\nVitamine A - Humanitas.net<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.humanitas.net\/fr\/wiki\/vitamine\/vitamine-a\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Vitamine A - Humanitas.net\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Qu’est-ce que la vitamine A ? La vitamine A, ou r\u00e9tinol, fait partie des compos\u00e9s liposolubles, qui sont stock\u00e9s dans le foie et lib\u00e9r\u00e9s en petites doses si n\u00e9cessaire. Par cons\u00e9quent, il n’est pas n\u00e9cessaire de les prendre r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement, par exemple dans les aliments. 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