Skin cancer is one of the most commonly occurring types of cancer. While some are less aggressive, others can quickly become dangerous in a few months. It is crucial to:
- Identify the issue early;
- Take preventive measures to safeguard yourself from ultraviolet rays;
- Regularly monitor the condition of your skin.
Skin cancers: Not Just Melanoma
Skin cancer encompasses various types, including:
- Basal cell carcinomas
- Spinocellular carcinomas
- Melanomas
Basal cell carcinomas can manifest as small nodules with a pearly or pinkish appearance. These carcinomas tend to gradually increase in size
Spinocellular carcinomas typically appear as nodules with raised edges and a central depression. They may resemble an ulcer but usually do not bleed initially. These tumors primarily result from excessive exposure to the sun’s rays and account for approximately 90% of skin cancers.
While they grow relatively fast, they rarely metastasize, leading to a generally favorable prognosis.
Melanoma is an exceptionally aggressive tumor originating in melanocytes—the cells responsible for producing skin pigmentation (melanin).
Although melanoma can develop anywhere on the body, it commonly emerges in areas frequently exposed to sunlight. It is characterized by unusual colors, irregular margins, and the potential to progress into a malignant form within a short period, typically a few months.
It is considered the most dangerous form of skin cancer due to its ability to invade nearby tissues and spread cancer cells throughout the body, resulting in metastasis in various organs or tissues.
How to Prevent Skin Cancer
Preventing skin cancer is possible by following a few basic steps to reduce the risk of occurrence.
First and foremost, it is essential to control sun exposure. Covering yourself with clothing such as a hat or T-shirt is recommended to provide additional protection. Additionally, using sunscreen is vital, especially for children and young people who are more sensitive to UV rays.
Secondly, avoiding UV lamps for cosmetic purposes is advised, as they can contribute to skin damage and increase the risk of skin cancer.
Lastly, conducting a thorough self-inspection of your moles at least once a month is advisable.
To assess moles, you can utilize the ABCDE method, where each letter corresponds to a specific factor:
- A stands for asymmetry. While moles are typically symmetrical, melanomas often exhibit asymmetry.
- B stands for irregular borders. Moles generally have regular edges, whereas melanomas often have jagged or uneven edges.
- C stands for uneven color. Moles tend to have a uniform color, whereas melanomas may display multiple colors.
- D indicates a diameter exceeding 6 mm. Moles typically remain smaller than 6 mm in diameter, while melanomas often exceed this size.
- E stands for evolution. Any changes in the growth of a mole or pigmented spot should raise suspicion, especially if it evolves rapidly. It is crucial to seek a dermatological examination if such changes are observed.
If you notice any mole exhibiting one or more of these changes, it is essential to consult a dermatologist for further evaluation.
