A Greenstick fracture occurs when a bone bends and cracks rather than breaking completely in separate pieces. Greenstick fractures more commonly occur in children because their bones are softer and more flexible.
In some cases, there is not much pain and swelling and the child is using the limb and has full motion. For this reason, it may be difficult to diagnose greenstick fractures. Mild greenstick fractures are sometimes diagnosed as sprains.
Greenstick fractures require immobilization in a cast, even the mild fractures. The cast holds the cracked pieces of the bone together so they can heal, but it also helps prevent the bone from breaking further or completely if the child falls on it again.
Symptoms
The typical symptoms of broken bones such as intense pain, swelling and deformity may be mild to none in greenstick fractures. Other greenstick fractures may be easier to diagnose due to swelling and deformity in the arm or leg.
Persistent pain in an injured limb or inability to bear weight or obvious pain, deformity and swelling require immediate medical attention.
Causes
Fractures during childhood most commonly result from a fall. Arm fractures are more common than leg fractures due to the usual reaction to throw out the arms when falling.
Prevention
The following tips may reduce the risk of greenstick fractures:
- Regular exercise for children to build strong bones
- Making sure the child wears safety and protective gear for sports
- Car seats and seat belts at every age
- Providing sufficient calcium in the child’s diet according to age
